The Beginnings of American Government

Question 1

who brought knowledge of a political system?

Answer 1

English settlers

Question 2

Unicameral

Answer 2

legislative body with one chamber

Question 3

bicameral

Answer 3

legislative body with two chamber

Question 4

Magna Carta

Answer 4

stands for great charter; brought upon King John of England in 1215 by his barons; established that power of monarchy was not absolute; guaranteed trial by jury and due process of law

Question 5

due process

Answer 5

doctrine that holds that the government must act fairly and in accord with established rules in all that it does

Question 6

petition of right

Answer 6

document prepared by Parliament and signed by King Charles I of England in 1628; challenged the idea of the divine right of kings and declared that even the monarch was subject to the laws of the land

Question 7

three basic notions of government

Answer 7

ordered, limited, representative government

Question 8

ordered government

Answer 8

had executive and legislative branches

Question 9

limited government

Answer 9

believed every individual had unalienable rights

Question 10

representative government

Answer 10

served the will of the people

Question 11

Three influential documents (youngest to oldest)

Answer 11

Petition of Rights and Grievances, Petition of Rights, Magna Carta

Question 12

English Bill of Rights

Answer 12

drawn up for William and Mary of Orange, included rights to a fair trial, freedom from excessive bail, freedom from cruel and unusual punishment

Question 13

Three types of colonies

Answer 13

Royal, Proprietary, Charter

Question 14

Royal Colony

Answer 14

direct control of the crown

Question 15

Charter Colony

Answer 15

had elected governors

Question 16

Proprietary

Answer 16

organized by a proprietor

Question 17

Proprietor

Answer 17

a person to whom the king had made a grant of land

Question 18

Lesson 1

Answer 18

Origins of American Political Ideals

Question 19

Lesson 2

Answer 19

Independence

Question 20

Albany Plan of Union

Answer 20

proposed by Benjamin Franklin; annual congress meeting; composed of seven states; Would have the power to raise military and naval forces, make war and peace with the Native Americans, regulate trade with them, tax, and collect custom duties; Plan was ahead of its time and was ultimately turned down by colonists and the crown

Question 21

writs of assistance (1761)

Answer 21

British official searched homes and businesses for smuggled goods

Question 22

Proclamation of 1763

Answer 22

restricted colonists from land west of the Appalachian, required a license for trade with Native Americans

Question 23

Sugar Act (1764)

Answer 23

required and heavily enforced taxes on sugar and other goods imported into America

Question 24

Stamp Act (1765)

Answer 24

taxed printer paper, including legal documents, newspapers, and playing cards

Question 25

Townshend Act (1767)

Answer 25

taxed glass, lead, paint, paper, and tea

Question 26

Tea Act (1773)

Answer 26

manipulated the tax on tea to benefit the East India Company, giving them a monopoly and undercutting local merchants

Question 27

Intolerable Acts (1774)

Answer 27

closed the port of Boston until colonists paid for the tea dumped at the Boston Tea Party, restricting meeting in Massachusetts, and allowed for the British to be housed in private homes

Question 28

Stamp Act Congress

Answer 28

started heavily taxing and requiring stamps on all legal documents, certain business agreements, and newspapers

Question 29

Boston Tea Party

Answer 29

December 16,1773; Men disguised as native americans and boarded british ships; broke open chests and dumped the ships cargo into the sea

Question 30

First continental Congress

Answer 30

every colony except Virginia meets on 9/5/1774 to discuss the laws passed in parliament to punish the colonies

Question 31

intolerable acts

Answer 31

laws passed after the boston tea party (worse than the stamp act)