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World History > The Beginning > Flashcards

The Beginning Flashcards

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1
Q

It includes all of space, and all
the matter and energy that space contains.

A

Universe

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2
Q

the
leading explanation about how the
universe began

A

Big Bang Theory

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3
Q

The universe began about

A

13.8 billion years ago

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4
Q

a large group of stars, gas, and
dust bound together by gravity

A

Galaxy

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5
Q

the galaxy in
which Earth resides.

A

Milky Way

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6
Q

our Milky
Way’s closest neighbor

A

The Andromeda Galaxy

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7
Q

is the distance light travels in
one Earth year

A

light year

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8
Q

As the mass of this protostar increases,

A

its
internal pressure and temperature rise through gravitational
compression

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9
Q

is a giant cloud of dust
and gas in space

A

Nebula

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10
Q

the second stage of a
newborn star in a nebula

A

Protostar

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11
Q

made up of the sun and everything that orbits around it,
including planets, moons, asteroids, comets and meteoroids

A

Solar System

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12
Q

the star around which
Earth and the other
components of the solar system
revolve

A

Sun

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13
Q

the third planet from the Sun, and the only place we know of so far that’s
inhabited by living things

A

Earth

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14
Q

closer
approximation of the Earth ’s
true shape

A

geoid

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15
Q

The intersection of the axis of rotation
with the Earth ’s surface marks the

A

North and South Poles

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16
Q

The direction of rotation of the Earth

A

counter clockwise

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17
Q

the line around which the
Earth rotates, extending through
the poles

A

Axis

18
Q

The Earth’s axis of rotation
is tilted by ______degrees. This tilt causes _______

A

23.4 degrees, different seasons of the year

19
Q

the movement of the Earth around the Sun

A

Revolution

20
Q

Three major compositional layers of the Earth:

A

Core, Mantle, Crust

21
Q

Spherical central mass of the Earth that composed largely of iron and consisting of an outer liquid
zone and an interior solid zone.

A

Core

22
Q
  • Outermost solid shell or layer of the Earth,
    -composed largely of silicate minerals
A

Crust

23
Q

Rock layer or shell of the Earth beneath the crust and
surrounding the core.
- composed of ultramafic igneous rock of silicate mineral
composition.

A

Mantle

24
Q

consists of solid
iron and nickel

A

Inner core

25
Q

consists of molten
iron and nickel.

A

Outer core

26
Q

a natural feature, such as a hill or valley, on the surface of Earth

A

Landform

27
Q

4 Major Landform Types

A

Mountains
Hills
Plains
Plateau

28
Q

are large, flat pieces of land with no drastic
changes in elevation.

A

Plains

29
Q

are large landforms that rise high above
surrounding terrain and usually form sharp peaks.

A

Mountains

30
Q

are elevated sections of land with notable
summits that are lower and less steep than mountains.

A

Hills

31
Q

is an elevated piece of land that, unlike a
mountain, is flat.

A

Plateau

32
Q

is water from a sea or ocean.

A

Seawater

33
Q

Water that is not salty, for instance water
found in lakes, streams, and rivers, but not the ocean.

A

Fresh water

34
Q

is the water found underground in the cracks and spaces in soil, sand and rock.

A

Groundwater

35
Q

is a huge mass of ice that moves slowly
over land.

A

Glacier

36
Q

Theory stating
that continents move slowly across Earth’s surface.

A

Continental Drift

37
Q

He proposed the theory of Continental Drift

A

Alfred Wegener

38
Q

the hypothetical supercontinent,
composed of all the present continents, that existed
between 300 and 200 million years ago.

A

Pangaea

39
Q

was the vast
global ocean that surrounded the supercontinent Pangaea, during the Late Paleozoic and the early Mesozoic era

A

Panthalassic Ocean

40
Q

“Panthalassa” greek meaning

A

all sea

World History (4 decks)

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