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Anatomy T1&2 > The basics (movements, planes/axis, arthrology & myology) > Flashcards

The basics (movements, planes/axis, arthrology & myology) Flashcards

1
Q

_________ - a small rounded projection/process/eminence

A

tubercle

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2
Q

__________ - a large rounded projection/process/eminence

A

tuberosity

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3
Q

_______ - a very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process

A

trochanter

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4
Q

_______ - a narrow ridge of bone

A

crest

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5
Q

_____ - a narrow ridge of bone, less prominent than a crest

A

line

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6
Q

_______ - a sharp, slender, often pointed projection

A

spine

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7
Q

__________ - a raised area on or above a condyle

A

epicondyle

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8
Q

_______ - an arm like bar of bone

A

ramus

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9
Q

_____ - the principle mass of a structure

A

body

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10
Q

_________ - location at which 2 or more bones make contact

A

articulation

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11
Q

________ - a rounded articular projection

A

condyle

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12
Q

______ - a bony expansion carried on a narrow neck

A

head

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13
Q

_______- a smooth, nearly flat articular surface

A

facet

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14
Q

a _________ - a canal-like passageway

A

meatus

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15
Q

a ________ - a cavity within a bone, filled with air and lined with mucus membrane

A

sinus

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16
Q

a ________ - a shallow depression or hollow generally in a bone

A

groove

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17
Q

a _________- a narrow slit-like opening

A

fissure

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18
Q

a _________- a round/oval opening through a bone

A

foramen

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19
Q

a ________- an indentation

A

notch

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20
Q

A _________ is an imaginary line ALONG which a movement takes place

A

plane

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21
Q

the ____ ________ plane runs vertically in an anterior/posterior direction, dividing the body equally into right and left portions, any plan that is parallel to this plane is called a sagittal plane

A

mid-sagittal

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22
Q

the ________ plane runs vertically in a medial/lateral direction, dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions

A

frontal/coronal

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23
Q

the __________/ horizontal plane runs horizontally dividing the parts of the body into superior and inferior parts

A

transverse

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24
Q

an ______ is an imaginary line AROUND which a movement takes place

A

axis

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25
Q

________ axis is an imaginary line around which movements occur in the horizontal planes

A

vertical

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26
Q

the _________ ________ axis; an imaginary line around which movements occur in the sagittal/mid-sagittal plane

A

medial lateral

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27
Q

the _________ __________ axis; an imaginary line around which movements occur in the frontal plane

A

anterior-posterior

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28
Q

movements in the sagittal plane happen around a _______ -________ axis

A

medial-lateral

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29
Q

movements in the coronal/frontal plane happen around an ________-_______ axis

A

anterior-posterior

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30
Q

movements in the transverse plane happen around a ________ axis

A

vertical

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31
Q

movements happen at _______

A

joints

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32
Q

a movement along the sagittal plane around a medial lateral axis that moves the part of the body anteriorly from anatomical position is __________

A

flexion

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33
Q

a movement along the sagittal plane around a medial-lateral axis that moves the part of the body posteriorly from anatomical position is ____________

A

extension

34
Q

a movement along the frontal plane around an anterior-posterior axis that moves the body part away from the median plane is ________

A

abduction

35
Q

a movement along the frontal plane around an anterior posterior axis that moves the body part towards the median plane is __________

A

adduction

36
Q

a movement along the coronal/frontal plane around an anterior - posterior axis that moves the body part inwards/towards the median/midsagittal plane is ___________

A

inversion

37
Q

is a movement along the coronal/frontal plane around an anterior-posterior axis that the body part outwards/away from median/midsagittal plane is _________

A

eversion

38
Q

_________ _________; a movement along the transverse plane around a vertical axis that moves the body part outwards

A

external rotation (lateral rotation)

39
Q

__________ _________; a movement along the transverse plane around a vertical axis that moves the body part inwards

A

internal rotation (medial rotation)

40
Q

________ of the spine is a movement along the transverse plane around a vertical axis

A

rotation

41
Q

when discussing rotation of the spin it is the _______ of the spine that is the point of reference

A

front

42
Q

__________ and ___________ are rotational movements in the forearm and foot

A

pronation and supination

43
Q

which two actions take place in the sagittal plane/ ML axis?

A

flexion and extension

44
Q

which two actions take place in the frontal plane/ AP axis?

A

abduction and adduction

45
Q

which movements take place in the transverse plane/vertical axis?

A

rotation, pronation and supination

46
Q

________ are formed where two or more separate bones connect

A

joints

47
Q

T/F joints are designed for movement & the amount of movement @ a joint depends on the type

A

true

48
Q

a _________ joint will have one axis of movement

A

uniaxial

49
Q

a _________ joint will have two axes of movement

A

biaxial

50
Q

a ________ joint will have multiple axes of movement

A

multiaxial

51
Q

a ________ joint is connected by fibrous tissue

A

fibrous

52
Q

T/F sutures are only in the skull

A

true

53
Q

___________ joints; bones are connected by a sheet of fibrous tissue

A

syndesmosis

54
Q

an example of a syndesmosis joint is in the _________ bones

A

forearm

55
Q

___________ joints; the joint is connected by cartilage or a combination of cartilage and fibrous tissue

A

cartilaginous

56
Q

T/F the vertebrae are connected by fibrocartilaginous intervertebral discs

A

true

57
Q

a _______ joint is the most common type of joint and has 3 features

A

synovial

58
Q

the three features of a synovial joint includes _________ _________, ___________ _________ and ___________ ________

A

joint capsule, joint cavity and articular cartilage

59
Q

T/F a joint capsule covers the articular cartilage

A

false

60
Q

there are ____ types of synovial joints

A

6

61
Q

a _________ joint is biaxial, “knuckle like” and does actions such as flexion, extension and abduction/adduction

A

condyloid

62
Q

a _________ joint is biaxial, an example of this joint is the thumb

A

saddle

63
Q

a ________ and _______ joint is multiaxial, an example of this joint is the hip

A

ball and socket

64
Q

a _______ joint conducts sliding or gliding movements - most are uniaxial

A

plane

65
Q

an example of a plane joint is the _____ joint

A

AC joint

66
Q

a _______ joint is uniaxial and does rotation

A

pivot

67
Q

an example of a pivot joint is ____ -____

A

C1-C2

68
Q

A ________ joint aka ginglymus - is uniaxial and ONLY does flexion and extension

A

hinge

69
Q

T/F the humeroulnar joint is a hinge joint

A

true

70
Q

a _________ is a sac filled with synovial fluid that decreases friction generated by the motion of one tissue over another

A

bursa

71
Q

ligaments connect _______ to _______

A

bone to bone

72
Q

ligaments will _______ a movement

A

check

73
Q

the two joint positions include the ______ packed position and the ______ packed position

A

loose packed and close packed

74
Q

a _________ contraction pulls two attachments closer together

A

concentric

75
Q

when a muscle contracts against resistance and there are no visible changes in muscle length - this is called an ___________ contraction

A

isometric

76
Q

in this type of contraction, the two muscle attachments are moving away from each other

A

eccentric

77
Q

the prime mover is aka the _________, this muscle is the primary muscle causing the desired movement

A

agonist

78
Q

T/F quadriceps is the prime mover for knee extension

A

true

79
Q

T/F there can only be one prime mover

A

false

80
Q

the __________ muscle is the muscle that opposes a specific contraction

A

antagonist

81
Q

a _________ is the muscle that stabilizes the more proximal joints during actions of the more distal joints

A

stabilizer

82
Q

a ___________ aka a neutralizer; is the muscle that works to assist the prime mover in a given action

A

synergist

Anatomy T1&2 (2 decks)

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