The Basics Flashcards

1
Q

ABCs of psychology

A

Affect (feel)
Behavior (do)
Cognition (think)

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2
Q

Prejudice

A

Biased feelings or attitudes based on perceived group membership

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3
Q

Discrimination

A

Differential behaviors towards people based on perceived group membership

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4
Q

Stereotypes

A

Generalized beliefs about people based on perceived group membership

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5
Q

Kernal conundrum

A

Stereotypes can be based in observations

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6
Q

S or P
Librarians are old

A

S

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7
Q

S or P
Policemen are no good

A

Both

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8
Q

Intrapersonal discrimination

A

Person-to-person

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9
Q

Organizational discrimination

A

Practices, rules, and policies of formal organizations have discriminatory outcomes

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10
Q

Institutional discrimination

A

Social norms and institutions

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11
Q

Who is affected by stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination?

A

Everyone

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12
Q

Scientific racism

A

Attempt to empirically justify prejudice based on physiology
Ex. Phrenology

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13
Q

Psychodynamic model

A

Proposes that universal psychological processes account for prejudice, irrational and unjustified beliefs

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14
Q

Sociocultural model

A

Ties prejudice to culture and societal structures

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15
Q

Intrasocietal competition

A

Perceived competition between groups creates conflict

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16
Q

Relative deprivation theory

A

Prejudice results from people believing they are being deprived where another group is not

17
Q

Conflict perspective

A

Conflict comes from competition for resources

18
Q

Intergroup relations

A

People can only have a positive self-identity by feeling positively about the groups they are in

19
Q

Cognitive modeling

A

Prejudice is viewed as a universal/inevitable consequence of basic cognitive processes

20
Q

Ease of processing

A

It is cognitively simpler to think of all members in a group to be similar to one another

21
Q

Evolutionary model

A

Behavioral tendencies stem from psychological mechanisms that evolved to allow survival

22
Q

Xenophobia

A

Suspicion and fear of strangers, the “other”

23
Q

Kin selection

A

Cooperation among relatives to ensure genetic survival

24
Q

Optimal distinctiveness theory

A

If individuals perceive minority groups to be distinctive and inclusive, then individuals should be more likely to identify with and prefer minority to majority group membership.

25
Perceptual biases
Actual group membership is irrelevant we judge based on percieved group membership
26
Areas of prejudice “visible from a distance”
1. Race 2. Gender, sexual orientation (secondary) 3. Age 4. Appearance (class distinction, attractiveness, weight)
27
“Less visible” areas of prejudice
Religion, speech (accents), disabilities, career choice, political beliefs, hobbies, drug usage, criminal record
28
-isms
Belief systems based on group superiority and behaviors which reflect those systems 1. Combine prejudice and group-centered worldview that emphasized the “natural” superiority 2. Desire to control and dominate other groups 3. Reflected in behavior (discrimination)