The Axilla

Question 0

Fascia

Answer 0

Hold all the muscles together. Every body has some element of subcutaneous fat to energy store, lubricate, move skin over muscle, and protect. Below this fat is deep Fascia. Tough thin connective tissue. Fascia in the upper limb it will create compartlization the muscles by function. Also invests into the actual muscles.

Pectoral Fascia - covering the anterior thoracic wall
Axillary Fascia -comes down from the scapula to the clavicle, comes into region called axilla.
Clavipectoral Fascia- clavicle to the pectoralis minor
2 parts; Costocoracoid Membrane & Suspensory ligament of axilla
Will help create borders , and suspesory is the thickening of the fascia which creates the armpit.
Brachial Fascia
; Medial and lateral intermuscular septa ( anterior and posterior fascial compartments)

Question 1

Bones of the Axilla and Upper Limb

Answer 1

Clavicle ; Sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular
Scapula - posterior border of axilla
*Glenoid Cavity - ball and socket joint of the upper limb
Humerus

Question 2

Axilla Borders

Answer 2

Apex ; clavicle
Base (arm pit) ; Skin and fascia ( axillary suspesory ligament is in this area)
Anterior ; Pectorals major and minor
Posterior; Scapula, Subscapularis, Teres major, Latissimus Dorsi
Medial; 1st -4th ribs, Serratous anterior
Lateral; Intertubercular groove humerus

Question 3

Axilla Contents

Answer 3

Axillary Artery
Axillary Vein
Axillary Lymph
Brachial Plexus- nerve system that go into the upper limb

Question 4

Axillary Artery

Answer 4

3 parts :
first part- 1 branch = superior throacic
2nd part- 2 branch =thoracoacromial trunk + lateral thoracic artery
3rd part- 3 branches = subscapular artery + posterior circumflex humeral + anterior circumflex humeral

Question 5

Axillary Artery Part 1

Answer 5

Superior Thoracic

- Muscles o the first and 2nd intercostal space 
- Serratous anterior

Question 6

Axillary Artery Part 2

Answer 6

Thoracoacromial Trunk - thorax muscles & acromial bones
    - Acromial -bone branches
    - Deltoid - muscles
    - Pectoral - muscles
    - Clavicular - bone branches
Lateral Thoracic Artery 
    - Pectoral muscle 
    - Axillary lymph nodes lateral breast

Question 7

Axillary Artery Part 3

Answer 7

Subscapular Artery branches/supplies muscles of the back
Anterior circumflex humeral artery anastomoses with posterior around surgical neck humerus
Posterior Circumflex humeral artery ; deltoid, teres major/minor, long head triceps