The Atom, Elements, & Compounds Flashcards
The total of Proton and Neutron
ATOMIC MASS
Representation of the numbers of protons in an atom
ATOMIC NUMBER
Defined as exactly 1/12 of mass of atom kwon as Carbon-12
ATOMIC MASS UNIT (amu)
Electric Charge and Mass of:
1. Proton
2. Neutron
3. Electron
Proton: +1; 1.6726x10^-24
Neutron: 0; 1.6749x10^-24
Electron: -1; 9.1094x10^-28
Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different in neutrons; they maybe identical in terms of chemical behavior but not in physical properties
ISOTOPES
The only element whose isotopes have distinct name
HYDROGEN
Tabular arrangement of the elements, organized by their atomic number, electron configurations, and recurring chemical properties
PERIODIC TABLE
Group 1,2 & 13-18 in periodic table is known as _____; they are determined by s & p valence electron
Main Group Elements/ Representative properties
Groups 3-12 is called ______; their orbitals are filled with d valence
TRANSITION METAL
Filling of the 4f & 5f is groups from
INNER-TRANSITION METAL: LANTHANIDES AND ACTINIDES
Ability to conduct heat & electricity, high melting point, boiling point and malleability
METAL
Pour conductors of heat and electricity; they have low melting & boiling point
NONMETALS
The “staircase” in periodic table
Properties are intermediate between metals & nonmetals
Semi-conductors (useful in electronics)
METALLOIDS
Ability to be compressed and to form sheets
MALLEABILITY
Ability to be stretched and to form wires
DUCTILITY
Existence of two or more different forms of the same element
ALLOTROPY
Different structural forms of the same element; Resulting to the distinction of properties
ALLOTROPES
Composed of oppositely charged ions that combine in proportions that result in a net charge zero
IONIC COMPOUNDS
Metal that loses electron is called _____; Metal that gains electron is known as_____.
CATION; ANION
Ionic compound that consists of only 2 elements; Usually combination of nonmetal & metal
BINARY IONIC COMPOUNDS
Some metals combine with a nonmetal forming one ionic compound
MULTIPLE IONIC COMPOUNDS
Type of naming ionic compound where the oxidation states of transition metal is compound is indicated using roman numerals in a parenthesis
STOCK SYSTEM
Compounds that have a specific number of water molecule attached to them
HYDRATES
Element that is commonly found in many polyatomic anions
OXYGEN
Oxygen combined with nonmetals
OXOANIONS
Group of atoms that is connected/bonded with covalent bond (weak bond)
COVALENT COMPOUNDS
Hydrogen and nonmetal combination
BINARY ACIDS
Tertiary compounds; make up the majority of acids
OXOACIDS
Enumerate elements that oxoacids consists
- Hydrogen
- Oxygen
- Other nonmetal
