The Atom Flashcards
What was daltons model of an atom(3)
1.Elements are made of atoms, 2. Atoms of an element are the same,3. Compounds are formed from combattions of atoms.
What was Rutherford experiment
Bombarded gold foil with alpha particles. Showed atoms were mostly empty space with small, dense positively charged nucleus
What was the Bohr model
Small, dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons in circular orbits
What is the wave mechanical model (modern atomic theory) (2)
1.Small, dense, nucleus positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons moving in “electrons cloud” 2. “Orbitals” are areas where an electron with a certain amount of energy is most likely to be found
Each atom is made of?
Positively charged nucleus with ones or more orbiting negatively charged electrons
What is found in the nucleus?
Protons and neutrons
What are the charges of subatomic particle
Protons- positive
Neutrons- neutral
Electrons- negative
What is the overall charge of an atom and why?
The charge is neutral because the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons making the positive and negative cancel out
What is the mass of a proton, neutron, and electron
Proton- 1 amu
Neutron-1 amu
Electron- 0 amu
What is atomic mass
The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
What is an electrons ground state
When all electrons are in their lowest possible state
What is and atoms excited state
When an electron gains a specific amount of energy and moves to a higher orbital
What happens when and electrons returns from an excited state
A specific amount of energy is emitted usually in the form of light (bright line spectrum)
What instrument is used to see the bright line spectrum
Spectroscope
What are the outermost electrons called
Valence electrons
