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Physics Nat 5 Test > The atom > Flashcards

The atom Flashcards

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1
Q

Large atoms will break down naturally. These atoms are………

A

Unstable

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2
Q

Large unstable will break down until they become……..

A

Stable

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3
Q

What is the breakdown of atoms called

A

Nuclear decay

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4
Q

What are the 3 main types of radiation

A

Alpha, beta and gamma

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5
Q

What is released during nuclear decay

A

Radiation

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6
Q

What is an alpha particle made of

A

A helium nucleus ( 2 protons and 2 neutrons)

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7
Q

What are alpha particle stopped by

A

Paper

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8
Q

What is a beta particle

A

High energy/speed electron

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9
Q

What are beta particle stopped by

A

2 mm Aluminium

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10
Q

What is gamma radiation

A

Radiation from the electromagnetic spectrum

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11
Q

What are gamma rays stop by

A

2-3 cm lead

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12
Q

What is ionisation

A

When an atom loses or gains electrons

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13
Q

What is the most ionising radiation

A

Alpha

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14
Q

What is another way of saying an atom is highly ionising

A

It has high ionisation density

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15
Q

What are two examples of radiation being used in medicine

A

Radiotherapy and radioactive tracers

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16
Q

What is a natural radiation

A

Cosmic rays or natural radioactive gases

17
Q

What is a man-made radiation

A

Nuclear waste, nuclear fallout

18
Q

What are the two types of nuclear reaction

A

Fission and fusion

19
Q

What is nuclear fission

A

Where large nuclei are split into smaller nuclei

20
Q

What is a chain reaction

A

Neutron strikes are uranium nucleus, it’s splits releasing energy and more neutrons. The new neutrons strike more nuclei. This process repeats and repeats

21
Q

What is nuclear fusion

A

Small nuclei combined to form larger nuclei

22
Q

What is the process the power is the Sun

A

Nuclear fusion. Converting hydrogen and helium

23
Q

What are advantages of nuclear power

A

No greenhouse gases and plenty supplies of uranium 

24
Q

What are the disadvantages of nuclear power

A

Nuclear waste and biohazard risk

25
Q

is heat produced in a fission reaction

A

yes

Physics Nat 5 Test (5 decks)

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