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Biology - Environment > The Atmosphere And Climate Change > Flashcards

The Atmosphere And Climate Change Flashcards

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1
Q

How has this caused a percentage increase of co2 in the atmosphere?

A

INDUSTRY generating more electricity by burning more fossil fuel
- coal, oil, gas
MOTOR VEHICLES burning more petrol and diesel.
WOOD burnt for domestic use.

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2
Q

What is the earths atmosphere made up of?

A
  1. 09% Nitrogen
  2. 94% oxygen
  3. 04% carbon dioxide
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3
Q

What is a carbon footprint?

A

The total amount of greenhouse gases( co2, methane,ozone) produced to direct,y and indirectly support human activities, usually expressed I equivalent tons of co2

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4
Q

What activities make up the carbon footprint?

A
  • travel by train/bus
  • drive a car
  • fly a plane
  • operate comp for 32 hours
  • produce 5 plastic bags
  • produce two plastic bottles
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5
Q

What is deforestation?

A

permanent destruction of indigenous forests and woodlands

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6
Q

What is reforestation?

A

Planting indigenous trees in degraded areas

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7
Q

What is afforestation?

A

Planting trees for commercial use.

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8
Q

Why are humans destroying forests?

A
  • increased demand for farming land cause of overpopulation,poverty and greed.
  • commercial logging for building, furniture, paper
  • wood for heating and cooking
  • building of roads for transporting machinery,
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9
Q

How does deforestation affect climate change?

A

fewer trees result in less:

  • transpiration > Less water vapour in the air & less rainfall
  • photosynthesis > less co2 is absorbed, more in atmosphere.
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10
Q

What are greenhouse gases?

A

several gases that keep earth warm.

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11
Q

What is the natural greenhouse effect?

A

gases accumulate in upper part of the atmosphere

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12
Q

What is solar radiation? (shortwave radiation)

A

visible light that pass freely through atmosphere. rays partly absorbed by ground, sea and air so atmosphere is warmed.

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13
Q

What is infrared radiation (longwave) ?

A

light cannot be seen, given off from surface of earth.

  • most rays go into space
  • some rays cannot pass, become trapped within lower part of atmophere, reflected back to earth
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14
Q

What is the result of Infrared radiation?

A

Earths atmosphere heating up

  • Natural Greenhouse effect
  • sufficient heat is trapped around earth to sustain life
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15
Q

What is this longwaveradiation used for?

A

various life processes such as photosynthesis

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16
Q

What is the enhanced greenhouse effect?

A

It caused by Human activities such as burning fossil fuels, which make more greenhouse gases > Co2 & methane

17
Q

What happens with the increased concentration of greenhouses?

A

trap more infrared radiation, reflected back on earth,there will be further increase in temp of earths surface.

18
Q

What is global warming?

A

caused by the increase in temp of earths surface during enhanced greenhouse effect

19
Q

How damaging is Global Warming?

A

Causes severe changes in climatic conditions, impacts on the availability of water, food production, health and human settlement

20
Q

what is desertification?

A

spreading of desert lands as drylands are degraded either by variations in climate or by human activities.

21
Q

What are drylands?

A

arid,semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas

22
Q

How does desertification affect peoples lives?

A

cause reduction in productivity and contributes to unsustainable use of scarce natural resources

23
Q

What is Methane?

A

a gas found in large amounts in the earths crust in natural gas fields

24
Q

How is methane released into the atmosphere?

A 
decaying organic wastes in landfills
digestive processes in livestock
natural gas leaks  
wastewater treatment 
coal mining
25
Q

How is methane like the other greenhouse gases?

A

Absorbs terrestrial infrared radiation.Therefore contributes to global warming.

26
Q

What is ozone?

A

colourless gas with a harsh odour. It is an unstable form of oxygen, made up of three O2 atoms

27
Q

What is the ozone layer?

A

Renewable layer of ozone in the stratosphere

28
Q

Why does ozone layer absorb most of UV radiation?

A

protect life from harmful effects of UV radiation

29
Q

What is causing the depletion of the ozone layer?

A

Human activities

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

30
Q

What are CFCs

A

chemicals made up of (chlorine, fluorine, carbon) used in fridgess, air cons, propellants in aerosal sprays.

31
Q

How do CFCs breakdown ozone?

A

gradually diffuse up to stratosphere,

32
Q

What has resulted due to co2 being exhaled due over population?

A

Increase amount of energy needed for INDUSTRY, TRANSPORTATION, DOMESTIC USE.

Biology - Environment (5 decks)

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