The Arrival of European Traders Flashcards
Did forms of slavery exist in Africa before the Europeans arrived
Yes
What were reasons that African people were enslaved
Punishment for a crime, payment for a debt, prisoner of war
African Slavery categories
Most enslaved people capture in battle, temporary slavery was a punishment for a crime, enslaved people could work to buy their freedom, children did not automatically become slaves
In which centuries did the European Traders get involved in the slave trade
15th and 16th
Why had European traders previously been interested in Ghana and Mali
Due to their sophisticated trading networks
What is the definition of a slave
A slave is a person who: has no basic human rights, is dehumanised (treated as an animal or possession), is not paid for their work, owned and treated as a slave, has no or limited freedom and no chance of escape, is treated harshly, physically/emotionally/psychologically abused to force them to work
Where did they take the enslaved WAF to
Europe and the Americas
In which century did the slave trade grow
17th and 18th
Why were Europeans lured to America
To own their own land
Did the Europeans want to work for others
No
Who was initially sent to work on the plantations
British Convicts
What did the planters do to satisfy the tremendous need demand for labour
Purchased slaves
What work did the slaves work in South America
Mines and Tobacco plantations
Where did the slaves work in the West Indies
Sugar plantations
What is a chattel slave
Enslaved person who is owned forever, children and grandchildren are automatically enslaved, they are treated as property to be bought and sold
What were the principal methods of enslaving Africans
Warfare, raiding and kidnapping, also used traditional African methods (punishment for a crime, debt, result of drought and famine)
What was a common sources of slaves in West Africa and Angola
Warfare
Why was the majority of the enslaved people’s homeland close to the Atlantic Coast
The costs of moving slaves was very high
What other reasons did the avoid enslaving people from the interior
Riddled with disease, natives were hostile and the land was unchartered
What was established along the WAF coast to house captured Africans
Slave Forts
What were slave forts equipped with
Up to a hundred guns and cannons to defend European businesses and keep competitors at bay.
How many castles were dotted along the slave trading coast
80
What two contrasts made up the Fort Design
Narrow windowless dungeons for the captured Africans and fine European residences
What was the name of the largest of these forts and where is it
Elmina, modern day Ghana
