The Approaches: The Humanistic Approach TW

Question 1

What do humans have an innate need for, according to humanist psychologists?

Answer 1

Self-actualisation

Question 2

What approaches do humanists oppose?

Answer 2

Behaviorist + Psychodynamic

Question 3

What type of experiences do humanists focus on?

Answer 3

Present

Question 4

What type of influences do humanists suggest we can reject?

Answer 4

Internal and external

Question 5

What is an example of an external influence which humanists suggest we can reject?

Answer 5

Environment

Question 6

What is an example of an internal influence which humanists suggest we can reject?

Answer 6

Genetics

Question 7

How is humanism different to other approaches?

Answer 7

It argues that humans do have free will

Question 8

What did Maslow develop?

Answer 8

Hierarchy of needs

Question 9

Name the correct order of Maslow’s hierarchy

Answer 9

Physiological, safety needs, love/belonging needs, esteem needs, self-actualisation

Question 10

What do physiological needs include?

Answer 10

Food, water, sleep, breathing

Question 11

What do safety needs include?

Answer 11

Employment, shelter (having a home), good health

Question 12

What is the highest level of Maslow’s hierarchy?

Answer 12

Self-actualisation

Question 13

What is meant by the ‘perceived self’?

Answer 13

How we view ourselves now

Question 14

Where does our ‘perceived self’ come from?

Answer 14

Our own experiences and how significant people view us

Question 15

What is meant by the ‘ideal self’?

Answer 15

The person we feel that we should be or the person that we want to be

Question 16

What is meant by congruence?

Answer 16

Where there is a match between your perceived self and your ideal self

Question 17

If congruence occurs, what does this enable?

Answer 17

Personal growth to achieve goals

Question 18

What is a mismatch between the perceived and ideal self known as?

Answer 18

Incongruence

Question 19

Low self-esteem and feelings of worthlessness in adulthood may be the result of ____________ in childhood

Answer 19

Conditions of worth

Question 20

What is meant by conditions of worth?

Answer 20

Significant others in our lives place specific conditions on their love which must be met to receive approval

Question 21

What 3 types of people can impose a condition of worth?

Answer 21

Parents, significant others, and ourselves

Question 22

Name the practical application of humanistic theory

Answer 22

Person Centered Therapy

Question 23

What does PCT see the ‘client’ as?

Answer 23

An expert in their own condition

Question 24

What is the aim of PCT?

Answer 24

• Increase feelings of self worth
• Reduce incongruence
• Help to become fully functioning

Question 25

What must the therapist show the client in order for the therapy to be successful?

Answer 25

Unconditional positive regard

Question 26

Give an example of two disorders that PCT is used to treat

Answer 26

Anxiety and depression

Question 27

What does DREAMS stand for?

Answer 27

Determinism v free will
Reductionism v holism
Evidence
Application (practical)
Methodology
Scientific methods

Question 28

AO3: What 4 ways can we evaluate humanism using DREAMS?

Answer 28

Free will
Holism
Application (practical)
Scientific methods

Question 29

What techniques can be used to reduce levels of incongruence?

Answer 29

Unconditional positive regard
Person Centered Therapy

Question 30

Incongruence can lead to …

Answer 30

Low self worth and poorer psychological health