Research Methods: Assessing & Improving The Validity Of Experiments - TW COPY

Question 1

What does validity mean?

Answer 1

How accurate a study’s results are

Question 2

What are 2 types of validity?

Answer 2

Internal + external

Question 3

What are 3 types of external validity?

Answer 3

Population validity
Ecological validity
Temporal validity

Question 4

Population validity means…

Answer 4

The extent to which results can be accurately generalised to different populations of people

Question 5

Ecological validity means….

Answer 5

The extent to which the results can be accurately generalised to different settings

Question 6

Temporal validity means…

Answer 6

The extent to which results can be accurately generalised to other time periods

Question 7

What are 2 ways of assessing internal validity

Answer 7

Face + Concurrent

Question 8

What does internal validity mean?

Answer 8

Whether the researcher is measuring what they intend to

Question 9

“Whether the researcher is measuring what they intend to measure” refers to which definition of validity?

Answer 9

Internal validity

Question 10

What does external validity refer to?

Answer 10

The extent to which the results of the study can be generalised to different settings and or people

Question 11

“The extent to which the results of the study can be generalised to different settings and or people” refers to which type of validity?

Answer 11

External validity

Question 12

When testing for concurrent validity, what do you compare the results of your research / questionnaire / behavioural categories to?

Answer 12

Similar research which has been preestablished for validity

Question 13

A correlation coefficient of -0.6 suggests a ….

Answer 13

Strong, negative correlation

Question 14

When assessing concurrent validity, what correlation coefficient shows high validity?

Answer 14

+0.8

Question 15

What 2 features does a psychologist need to have to assess face validity?

Answer 15

Be independent from the research, and work in a similar field

Question 16

Demand characteristics will affect what type of validity?

Answer 16

Internal validity

Question 17

What must the independent psychologist, working in a similar field say when assessing face validity?

Answer 17

Yes

Question 18

“The extent to which findings remain accurate over time” refers to which type of external validity?

Answer 18

Temporal

Question 19

A natural experiment has high internal validity - true or false?

Answer 19

False

Question 20

A field experiment has high internal validity - true or false?

Answer 20

False

Question 21

Which experimental methods can have high internal validity?

Answer 21

Lab (+ quasi)

Question 22

The choice of sampling technique can affect internal validity - true or false. Why?

Answer 22

True - the sample could be biased

Question 23

What methodological issue will standardised procedures / instructions solve?

Answer 23

Investigator effects

Question 24

Investigator effects can be solved by…

Answer 24

Standardised procedures / instructions

Question 25

Using a control group will increase what type of validity?

Answer 25

Internal

Question 26

When assessing concurrent validity, you must compare your results to the results of a test…

Answer 26

That has been PRE ESTABLISHED for it’s validity

Question 27

When asked to IMPROVE the validity of a study, which TYPE of validity must you deal with?

Answer 27

Internal

Question 28

Why, when assessing face validity, must the researcher be independent?

Answer 28

To avoid bias

Question 29

What is a correlation?

Answer 29

A relationship between two variables

Question 30

A correlation coefficient is measured on a scale of…

Answer 30

-1 to +1