The Approaches

Question 1

Name the different types of conditioning

Answer 1

Classic and Operant

Question 2

Describe the key features of classic conditioning

Answer 2

uses an unconditioned stimulus paired with a new stimulus until an association is built up. They now become a conditioned stimulus which creates a conditioned response

Question 3

Describe the features of operant conditioning

Answer 3

Uses positive and negative reinforcement and punishment to condition responses through consequences for actions

Question 4

Name the 4 approaches

Answer 4

Behaviorism, Psychodynamic, humanistic, cognitive

Question 5

What was Ivan Pavlov’s experiment about

Answer 5

Testing the use of classic conditioning on dogs

Question 6

What was Skinner’s box about

Answer 6

The box contained a rat which was used as a test subject for operant conditioning

Question 7

What is Behaviorism

Answer 7

Behaviorists believe that our behaviors are all conditioned into us by the environment

Question 8

What is Social Learning theory

Answer 8

A theory which states we learn through observation and modeling of others behaviors

Question 9

Who pioneered social learning theory

Answer 9

Albert Bandura

Question 10

Describe the Bobo Doll experiment

Answer 10

three groups of children were shown a positive, negative and neutral role model playing with a toy. They were then asked to play with the toy and the results were recorded.

Question 11

What were the results of the bobo doll experiment

Answer 11

The kids modeled the behavior of role model they observed

Question 12

How many kids were in the bobo doll experiment

Answer 12

72 kids between the ages of 3 and 6 divided into 3 equal groups

Question 13

When did the bobo doll experiment occur and what was the follow up

Answer 13

1960 and a second in 1963. The second experiment used recordings of models and found the same results

Question 14

What is psychodynamics

Answer 14

The theories established by sigmund freud and his followers

Question 15

Describe the Iceberg theory

Answer 15

This theory explains that the mind is in three parts, conscious, pre-conscious and unconscious.

Question 16

What is the role of the conscious, pre-conscious and unconscious

Answer 16

The conscious is our awareness, short term memory and immediate response. The Pre-conscious is all of our recallable knowledge but not at the forefront of the mind without being triggered. The unconscious is a vast reserve of feelings and memories kept repressed from the conscious mind, it also contains our instincts.

Question 17

What is a Freudian slip

Answer 17

A slip of the tongue that shows what our unconscious mind thinks

Question 18

Explain three part psyche theory

Answer 18

Sigmund Freud stated that our mind is broken into the Id, Ego and Super ego.

Question 19

Explain the Id

Answer 19

The id is with us from birth and represents raw instincts. It wants instant gratification and seeks pleasure with no logic.

Question 20

Explain the Ego

Answer 20

The Ego develops at 2-3 years. It is in charge of decision making and is completely pragmatic. It uses learned consequences to balance the id and super ego.

Question 21

Explain the super ego

Answer 21

The super ego develops at 5 years and is our sense of morality. It seeks perfection and is in constant conflict with the Id. It also has no logic.

Question 22

What is Humanism

Answer 22

Humanism is an approach that emphasis the person. It believes in free will and that only the individual can fully interpret their own experiences. We must use the experiences in order to grow and achieve self actualization.

Question 23

Describe Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Answer 23

It states that there are stages to our growth, we must be fulfilled in a particular stage in order to progress to the next one.

Question 24

Name all of Maslow’s needs

Answer 24

Physiological, safety, love and belonging, self-esteem, self actualization

Question 25

What is the Cognitive approach

Answer 25

Looks at the human brain like a computer. Sees everything through thought processes. Includes, memory, attention, language and problem solving. Input-process-output.