The ANS & Cranial Nerves Flashcards
How many pairs of nerves are associated with the brain?
12 nerves
- smell
- purely sensory function
The Olfactory Nerves
partial or total loss of smell
anosmia
- arise from retinas
pass through optic canals, converge, and partially cross over at optic chiasma
-purely sensory function
The Optic Nerve
LR6SO4AO3, function in raising eyelid, directing eyeball, constricting iris (parasymp.)
Oculomotor Nerves
superior oblique muscle, primarily motor nerve that directs eyeball
Trochlear Nerve
Largest of the cranial nerve; pons to face
-3 divisions:
Opthalamic (V1), Maxillary (V2), Mandibular (V3)
Trigeminal Nerve
primarily a motor nerve, innervating lateral rectus muscle
Abducens Nerves
- facial expression
-lacrimal and salivary glands
-sensory function from anterior 2/3 of tongue
Facial Nerves
paralysis of facial nerve, can be caused by traumal; can go away after few weeks
Bell’s palsy
afferent fibers from hearing receptors and equilibrium receptors, pass from inner ear through internal acoustic meatuses and enter brain stem at pons-medulla border
Vestibulocochlear Nerve
a sensor for detecting linear motion
Otoliths
sensory functions: taste, impulses from pharynx and posterior 1/3 tongue;
dysfunction: uvula points toward one side when saying “ahh”
Glossopharyngeal Nerves
only cranial nerve that extend beyond head and neck region; most fibers are parasympathetic fibers that help regulate activities of heart, lungs, and abdominal viscera;
paralysis of vagus nerve: hoarseness and difficulty swallowing;
pt had aneurysm in aorta –> caused more hoarseness, voice came back after surgery
Vagus Nerve
formed from spinal cord;
innervate trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles;
winged scapula –> caused by paralysis of trapezius
Accessory Nerve
innervation of swallowing and speech;
dysfunction: tongue points toward affected side
Hypoglossal Nerve
black/white vision, dim light
rods
color vision, intense light
cones
