The American Yawp Ch.2 Flashcards
The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus’s voyages.
Columbian Exchange
Spanish Explorer who discovered and named Florida while searching for the “Fountain of Youth”
Juan Ponce de Leon
Concept that Spanish conquerors merely tortured and murdered Indians, stole gold and infected them with smallpox, leaving nothing of benefit
Black Legend
Spanish Conquistador and governor of the Spanish province of New Mexico. In the Acoma Pueblo uprising of 1598 his soldiers killed over 800 Native Americans.
Juan de Onate
Capital of New Mexico
Santa Fe
Dominican priest who spoke out against mistreatment of Native Americans
Bartolome de Las Casas
A colony founded by the Dutch in the New World. It became New York.
New Netherland
- large states were given to wealthy men who transported at least 50 families to New Netherland to tend the land
- few seized the opportunity
Patroon System
Dutch colonial settlement that served as the capital of New Netherland. This later became “New York City”
New Amsterdam
set the boundary established in 1493 to define Spanish and Portuguese possessions in the Americas.
Treaty of Tordesillas
Main promoter of colonization by England in the New World. Reasons included surplus of English labor and thwarting Spain.
Richard Hakluyt
The great fleet sent from Spain against England by Philip II in 1588; defeated by the terrible winds and fire ships.
Spanish Armada
claimed Newfoundland for Queen Elizabeth
Sir Humphrey Gilbert
Leader of the English colony of Roanoke in 1587
John White
Joint-Stock Company in London that received a charter for land in the new world. Charter guarantees new colonists same rights as people back in England.
The Virginia Company
The first permanent English settlement in North America, found in East Virginia
Jamestown
Indian chief and founder of the Powhatan confederacy of tribes in eastern Virginia
Powhatan
English explorer who helped found the colony at Jamestown, Virginia
John Smith
He was one of the English settlers at Jamestown (and he married Pocahontas). He discovered how to successfully grow tobacco in Virginia and cure it for export, which made Virginia an economically successful colony.
John Rolfe
A native Indian of America, daughter of Chief Powahatan, who was one of the first to marry an Englishman, John Rolfe, and return to England with him; about 1595-1617; Pocahontas’ brave actions in saving an Englishman paved the way for many positive English and Native relations.
Pocahontas
Cash crop that made a profit and saved Jamestown
Tobacco
Elected assembly in colonial Virginia, created in 1618.
House of Burgesses
A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England. They came to America for religious freedom and settled Massachusetts Bay.
Puritans
King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1625-1649). His power struggles with Parliament resulted in the English Civil War (1642-1648) in which Charles was defeated. He was tried for treason and beheaded in 1649
Charles I
John Winthrop
Puritan leader who became the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
