The American Colonies Take Shape (1607-1765) Chapter 3 Flashcards
Indentured Servant
An individual who agreed to work without wages for a period of time in exchange for transportation to the colonies.
Triangular trade
Three way pattern of trade that involved England, English colonies in the Americas, and West Africa.
Phyllis Wheatley
Captures at age seven and sold to John Weatley. He allowed her to read, write and study. SHE WAS THE FIRST AFRICAN AMERICAN TO PUBLISH A BOOK OF POEMS. She was praised by colonist for her poetry. 1773 she was granted her freedom. 1778 she married but lived in poverty.
Olaudah Equiano
African American, captured at 11. Wrote a memoir. In the memoir he describes the ship and conditions of being taken to America.
Stono Rebellion
1739 Large uprising in South Carolina. 100 slaves killed 20 whites before suffering the defeat and execution
Middle Passage
The forced transportation of enslaved Africans from West Africa to the Americas.
Magna Carta
English document from 1215 that limited the power of the king and provided basic rights for citizens.
Parliament
Legislative body of the government
Habeus Corpus
Constitutional guarantee that no one can be held in prison without being tried.
Salutary Neglect
British policy in early 1700s which allowed the colonists virtual self-rule as ling as Great Britain was gaining economically.
Mercantilism
Economic policy under which a nation accumulates wealth by exporting more goods than it imports.
Navigation Acts
British trade enacted by Parliament during the mid 1700s that regulated colonial commerce
Enlightenment
18 century movement during which European philosophers believed that society’s problems could be solved by reason and science.
Benjamin Franklin
A successful printer. Conducted experiments and inventing things such as the lighting rod and bifocal glasses. He authored almanac books.
Great Awakening
Religious movement in the English colonies during the 1730s and 1740s, which was heavily inspired by evangelical preachers.
Staple Crop
Crops that are in steady demand
Cash Crop
Crops grown for sale
Dame School
Private elementary school during the colonial times, operated out of a woman’s home.
George Washington
Led British troops to evict the French from the Ohio river valley in 1754. A young ambitious Virginian
French Indian War
War fought from 1754 to 1763 in which Britain and its colonist defeated France and its Indian allies, gaining control of eastern North America.
Treaty of Paris (1763)
1760 the British captured Montreal and forced the French to surrender the rest of Canada. in 1763 the treaty of Paris ended the war triumphantly for England who kept Canada, the Great Lakes region, the Ohio river valley, and Florida. They drove the French out of North America and the Mississippi river became a boarder between the Spanish and British
Pontiac Rebellion
Indians tried to weaken the British and lure the French back into North America. The Indians failed
Proclamation of 1763
Declaration by the British king ordering all colonists to remain East of the Appalachian Mountains
Albany Plan of Union
Benjamin Franklin’s 1754 proposal to create one government for the 13 colonies.
English Bill of Rights
Document signed in 1689 that guaranteed the rights of English citizens
