The Alkali Metals And Halogens Flashcards
What happens as you go down the group 1 elements
They increase in reactivity
Why do elements become increasingly reactive down group 1 on the periodic table
They have 1 electron in their outer shell
As you go down the group, the outer electron is a greater distance from the nucleus
This means there is a weaker attraction
The atoms get bigger, the outer electron is more easily lost, and the metals are more reactive
What are some properties of chlorine
Green gas and poisonous
What are some properties of bromine
Red-brown liquid which gives off orange vapour
What are some properties of iodine
Dark grey crystalline solid which gives off purple vapour when heated
Why does reactivity decrease as you go down group 7 of the periodic table
The halogens have 7 atoms in their outer shell
They gain one electron to form a 1- ion
As you go down the group, the atomic radius is larger so it is harder to attract the extra electron to fill the outer shell, so the element is less reactive
State what a displacement reaction is and how you would use chlorine water and potassium iodide to carry one out
A more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from a compound
Add chlorine water to potassium iodide and potassium chloride and iodine are produced
Leaving a brown solution
What happens when you add chlorine water to potassium bromide solution and what is the colour change
Br2 solution produced
Colourless to orange
What happens when bromine water is added to potassium iodide solution and what is the colour change
I2 solution produced
Orange to brown
What happens when chlorine water is added to potassium iodide solution and what is the colour change
I2 solution produced
Colourless to brown
What is oxidation
The loss of electrons
What is reduction
The gain of electrons
What are reducing agents
Donate electrons and get oxidised
What are oxidising agents
Accept electrons and get reduced
What are redox reactions
Reactions where both reduction and oxidation occur
