The Alkali Metals

Question 1

Where are the alkali metals located?

Answer 1

In group 1 of the periodic table

Question 2

Name the first 3 alkali metals

Answer 2

Lithium, sodium, potassium

Question 3

What is the symbol for lithium?

Answer 3

Li

Question 4

Why can alkali metals float on water?

Answer 4

Because they have a low density

Question 5

Give the symbol for sodium

Answer 5

Na

Question 6

Why can alkali metals be cut?

Answer 6

Because they are low density

Question 7

What is the symbol for potassium?

Answer 7

K

Question 8

Why are all alkali metals in group 1?

Answer 8

Because they all have one electron in their outer shell making them highly reactive and eager to lose that electron to give them a stable electron configuration

Question 9

How is this explained?

Answer 9

They are all highly reactive eager to have a stable configuration

Question 10

Explain what happens when alkali metals react with water

Answer 10

It forms an alkaline solution knows as metal hydroxide, it releases hydrogen gas, releases heat energy since it is an exothermic reaction.

Question 11

What is the word equation for when alkali metals react with water?

Answer 11

Metal + water -> metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 12

What is the colour of a flame when lithium reacts with oxygen?

Answer 12

No flame is made as the reaction is not vigorous enough

Question 13

What colour flame is produced when sodium reacts with oxygen?

Answer 13

Bright yellow flame

Question 14

What colour flame is produced when potassium reacts with oxygen?

Answer 14

Lilac

Question 15

What type of compound is formed when an alkali metal reacts with a group 7 element?

Answer 15

Sodium chloride

Question 16

What colour will it be?

Answer 16

White

Question 17

What will sodium chloride do in water?

Answer 17

When sodium chloride dissolved in water it breaks into sodium and chloride ions through dissociation

Question 18

Explain the trend in reactivity going down group 1?

Answer 18

the trend in reactivity in Group 1 of the periodic table increases as you move down the group due to decreasing ionization energy, increasing atomic radius, and greater shielding effect.

Question 19

How do you determine a metal from a non-metal?

Answer 19

The amount of electrons

Question 20

How is the periodic table arranged?

Answer 20

Atomic number

Question 21

Where is the atomic number located on an element?

Answer 21

The top

Question 22

Where are the neutrons and protons located?

Answer 22

In the nucleus

Question 23

How do you calculate the amount of neutrons in an element?

Answer 23

Mass (top) subtract protons and electrons (bottom)

Question 24

Where are the lowest energy levels closest to?

Answer 24

The nucleus

Question 25

How do you make an atom happy?

Answer 25

BY ACING UR EXAMSSSS no… By giving it a full electron shell

Question 26

What does the atom want to do when it does not have a full electron shell?

Answer 26

SCREAM AT U TO REVISE No… REACT

Question 27

What is most of the atom?

Answer 27

Empty space aka my brain

Question 28

What is an isotope?

Answer 28

An element with a different amount of neutrons to protons and electrons

Question 29

If you can draw the electron configuration for a magnesium atom

Answer 29

It should have 2 , 8 , 2

Question 30

Draw the electron configuration for an oxygen atom

Answer 30

2 , 6

Question 31

Describe the plum pudding model

Answer 31

A positively charged sphere with negatively charged electrons embedded throughout

Question 32

Who made the modern periodic table?

Answer 32

Mendeleev

Question 33

Give 3 properties of a metal

Answer 33

Shiny, good conductor, malleable

Question 34

Give 3 properties of a non metal

Answer 34

Dull, low density, brittle

Question 35

What is the name of the process of losing electrons?

Answer 35

Ionization

Question 36

How many electrons does sodium lose when it reacts to form positive ions and give the charge of the positive ion?

Answer 36

Sodium loses 1 negative electron to achieve a full shell. The sodium ion has 1 less electron than proton so its nucleus has a +1 charge

Question 37

How many electrons does aluminium lose when it reacts and what is the charge of the nucleus?

Answer 37

Aluminium loses 3 electrons to achieve a full outer shell and its nucleus has a +3 charge

Question 38

How do we know that the first 3 alkali metals are less dense than water?

Answer 38

They float on the surface of the water

Question 39

Why do the elements become more reactive as you go down?

Answer 39

As you go down the group the outer electron is further away from the nucleus so is more easily lost