the acutely ill child Flashcards
what happens to the heart rate of a baby as it grows?
it slows down
what happens to resp rate of a baby as it grows?
decreases
what happens to blood pressure of a baby as it grows?
increases
do babies have a large surface area compared to volume?
yeah
what causes bronchiolitis and what is it?
acute inflammation of bronchioles
caused by a virus
how do you treat croup?
steroids
what is croup?
laryngotracheobhronchitis
2 main CNS concerns in babies?
meningitis
encepthalitis
name some things that count as “fits, faints and funny turns”?
febrile seizures vasovagal episode reflex anoxic seizures breath holding attacks epilepsy arrythmias
name the main trauma/accidents?
RTA trampoline burns ingestion drowning/near drowning choking NAI
common GI/urogenital issues?
gastroenteritis GI obstruction appenditis UTI testicular torsion
concerning features when it comes to UTI?
frequent infections family history of renal disease non E.coli infection abdominal mass poor pee flow voiding problems/constipation spinal abnormality increased BP poor growth/general health
what is encopresis?
passage of normal stools in abnormal places
what is soiling?
escape of stool into pants
concerning symptoms in abdominal pain?
blood in stool diarhhoea vomiting weight loss deceleration in growth unexplained fever persistent RUQ or RLQ pain family history of disease
concerning symptoms of headaches?
headache on walking worse on coughing or bending associated vomiting , esp in morning visual disturbance gait disturbance cranial nerve palsy
do urgent MRI!! dont want to miss brain tumours
if the child has had a funny turn, what main investigation should you do?
ECG
red flags of funny turns?
congenital heart disease syncope on exercise family history of sudden death palpitations odd things on examination
red flag of murmurs?
diastolic loud associated thrill harsh radiate widely
do an echo!!
what makes asthma more likely in a child?
personal history if atopic disease family history widespread wheeze cough, SOB tight chest
worse at night and early morning and on exercise
pollen , stress
