Development Flashcards
what are the 3 phases of child growth?
infant
child
pubertal
what leads the infant growth phase?
nutrients
what leads the child growth phase?
GH
what leads the pubertal growth phase?
sex steroids
what is weaning?
transition from exclusive milk feeding to family foods
when do you approx start weaning?
6 months
key vulnerabilities of a child at school age?
chronic illness
disordered eating patterns
obesity
key vulnerabilities of adolescence ?
eating disorder
obesity
early pregnancy
nutritional requirements of children
they need essential nutrients to replace losses and grow new tissues
energy to permit metabolic functions
maintain growth and development
develop immunity
a child has normal growth if?
measurements in normal range compared to others their age
rate of growth is in normal range compared to others their age
measure of variability
standard deviation
what are the 2 stages of female puberty?
thelarche- breast budding
adrenarche- body hair
menarche-peroids
name some investigations you might do for growth problems?
bloods- FSH, LH, growth factors, testosterone, oestrdiol, thyroid function tests
karyotype
bone age
dynamic function tests
MRI brain
USS uterus
factors influencing development?
genetics
nutritional
environmental
which way to babies develop?
cranial to caudal
4 areas of development?
gross motor
fine motor and vision
language and hearing
social and behaviour and play
what is developmental delay?
failure to attain appropriate developmental milestones for childs correct chronological age
3 patterns of abnormal development?
delay
deviation e.g autism
regression e.g Rett’s syndrome. metabolic syndromes
red flags for development?
asymmetry of movement
not reaching for objects by 6 months
not able to sit up without help by 1 year
not able to walk by 18 months- check CK
no speech by 18 months
autistic triad
communication
social interaction
flexibility of thought/imagination
also repetitive behaviour
sensory difficulties
what is intellectual disability?
children who have either a learning disability in relation to acquiring a new skill or who learn at a different rate to their peers
when is puberty precocious?
when it starts before 8 years old
