Development

Question 1

what are the 3 phases of child growth?

Answer 1

infant
child
pubertal

Question 2

what leads the infant growth phase?

Answer 2

nutrients

Question 3

what leads the child growth phase?

Answer 3

GH

Question 4

what leads the pubertal growth phase?

Answer 4

sex steroids

Question 5

what is weaning?

Answer 5

transition from exclusive milk feeding to family foods

Question 6

when do you approx start weaning?

Answer 6

6 months

Question 7

key vulnerabilities of a child at school age?

Answer 7

chronic illness
disordered eating patterns
obesity

Question 8

key vulnerabilities of adolescence ?

Answer 8

eating disorder
obesity
early pregnancy

Question 9

nutritional requirements of children

Answer 9

they need essential nutrients to replace losses and grow new tissues

energy to permit metabolic functions

maintain growth and development

develop immunity

Question 10

a child has normal growth if?

Answer 10

measurements in normal range compared to others their age

rate of growth is in normal range compared to others their age

Question 11

measure of variability

Answer 11

standard deviation

Question 12

what are the 2 stages of female puberty?

Answer 12

thelarche- breast budding

adrenarche- body hair

menarche-peroids

Question 13

name some investigations you might do for growth problems?

Answer 13

bloods- FSH, LH, growth factors, testosterone, oestrdiol, thyroid function tests

karyotype

bone age

dynamic function tests
MRI brain

USS uterus

Question 14

factors influencing development?

Answer 14

genetics
nutritional
environmental

Question 15

which way to babies develop?

Answer 15

cranial to caudal

Question 16

4 areas of development?

Answer 16

gross motor
fine motor and vision
language and hearing
social and behaviour and play

Question 17

what is developmental delay?

Answer 17

failure to attain appropriate developmental milestones for childs correct chronological age

Question 18

3 patterns of abnormal development?

Answer 18

delay

deviation e.g autism

regression e.g Rett’s syndrome. metabolic syndromes

Question 19

red flags for development?

Answer 19

asymmetry of movement
not reaching for objects by 6 months
not able to sit up without help by 1 year

not able to walk by 18 months- check CK
no speech by 18 months

Question 20

autistic triad

Answer 20

communication
social interaction
flexibility of thought/imagination

also repetitive behaviour

sensory difficulties

Question 21

what is intellectual disability?

Answer 21

children who have either a learning disability in relation to acquiring a new skill or who learn at a different rate to their peers

Question 22

when is puberty precocious?

Answer 22

when it starts before 8 years old