The abdominal Cavity and the peritoneal reflections

Question 1

What is the nerve supply of the parietal peritoneum? Is it sensitive to pain?

Answer 1

Thoracoabdominal nerves (intercostal, subcostal, ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves). Yes

Question 2

Is the visceral peritoneum innervated? What types of stimuli is it sensitive to?

Answer 2

The visceral peritoneum itself is not innervated but the sub-mesothelial tissue is innervated by the autonomous nerve system.
Sensitive to chemical irritation and stretch

Question 3

What characteristic does suspension by a mesentery confer on the suspended organ

Answer 3

Mobility; ability to increase in length beyond that of the body well.

Question 4

What is the function of the peritoneal fluid?

Answer 4

Reduce the friction between the abdominal organs as they move during digestion.

Question 5

What is the greater omentum and what organ is attached to its posterior surface?

Answer 5

A peritoneal fold in the lining of the abdominal cavity - hangs over the stomach.

Question 6

How many layers of peritoneum make up the greater omentum as it runs:

• between the greater curvature of the stomach and the transverse colon?
• inferior to the transverse colon?

Answer 6

• 6

- 4

Question 7

What is the transverse mesocolon and what structure does it connect to one another?

Answer 7

broad meso-fold in the peritoneum that connects transverse colon to the posterior wall of the abdomen.

Question 8

The transverse mesocolon divides the peritoneal cavity into which two compartments?

Answer 8

supracolic compartment and infracolic compartment

Question 9

What organs lie in the supracolic compartment?

Answer 9

Liver, gallbladder, stomach and spleen

Question 10

What is the space between in the liver and the diaphragm?

Answer 10

sub-phrenic space

Question 11

the gastrosplenic ligament continues to the posterior abdomin wall and attches to the left kindney, forming which ligament?

Answer 11

lienorenal ligament

Question 12

The sub-phrenic space is divided into left and right regions by which ligament?

Answer 12

falciform ligament

Question 13

the bare area of the liver can be found where?

Answer 13

lies between the anterior and posterior folds of the coronary ligament

Question 14

of what is the ligamentum teres (the round ligament of the liver) a remnant?

Answer 14

Umbilical vein

Question 15

what lies in the infracolic compartment?

Answer 15

large intestines and small intestines

Question 16

What are the left and right paracolic gutters?

Answer 16

open areas between the wall of the abdomen and the colon

Question 17

Which side of the infracolic compartment communicates with the pelvis?

Answer 17

left

Question 18

where does the lesser omentum lie?

Answer 18

between stomach and proximal duodenum and the liver

Question 19

Which three structures are enclosed within the free border of the lesser omentum?

Answer 19

• hepatic artery proper
• common bile duct
• hepatic portal vein

Question 20

what is the embryological origin of the lesser omentum?

Answer 20

ventral mesogastrium

Question 21

what structure forms the anterior margin of the epiploic foramen?

Answer 21

free border of lesser ommentum containing heptic triad

Question 22

what structure forms the posterior margin of the epiploic foramen?

Answer 22

inferior vena cava

Question 23

what structure forms the superior margin of the epiploic foramen?

Answer 23

caudate lobe of liver

Question 24

what structure forms inferior margin of epiploic foramen?

Answer 24

first part of duodenum

Question 25

what is the parasympathetic motor supply to the

• fore-gut and midgut?
• hindgut?
• bladder?

Answer 25

• vagus
• pelvic splenchnic
• pelvic splenchnic

Question 26

what is the sympathetic motor supply to the abdominal and pelvic viscera?

Answer 26

greater, lesser, least and lumbar splanchnic nerves