The 20th Century

Question 1

Global Superpower

Answer 1

Term used to refer to Britain during the 20th century (a period which ushered in a wave of optimism in Britain that was abruptly stopped by World War I)

Question 2

28 June 1914

Answer 2

Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria was assassinated setting off a chain of events that led to the First World War

Question 3

What other factors, apart from the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand triggered WW1

Answer 3

Growing nationalism in many European states

Increasing militarism

Imperialism

The division of major European poers into 2 camps

Question 4

Why is it known as a world war

Answer 4

Though it was centred in Europe it was a global war involving nations from around the world

Question 5

Who were the Allied Powers

Answer 5

Britain
France
Russia
Poland
Australia
New Zealand
Canada
The Union of South Africa

later
Greece
Italy
Romania
USA

Question 6

Who were the Axis Powers

Answer 6

Nazi Germany
Italy
the Empire of Japan
Bulgaria
Croatia
Hungary
Romania
Slovakia

Question 7

1913

Answer 7

The British Government promised ‘Home Rule’ for Ireland but WW1 pauses the process to give Ireland self-governing powers

Question 8

1916

Answer 8

The Easter Rising (/Rebellion) in Dublin by Irish Nationalists who were not willing to wait for the promised ‘Home Rule’ (the leaders of this uprising were executed under military law)

Question 9

What followed the Easter Rising

Answer 9

A guerilla war against the British army and the police in Ireland

A peace treaty signed in 1921

Ireland becomes two countries in 1922

Question 10

Northern Ireland

Answer 10

6 counties in the North of Ireland, which were mainly Protestant, who remained part of the UK

Question 11

The Irish Free State

Answer 11

Had its own government (separate from the North of Ireland) and became a republic in 1949

Question 12

The Troubles

Answer 12

The years of conflict, following the signing of the peace treaty in 1921 that split Ireland, between those wishing for full Irish independence and those wishing to remain loyal to the British government

Question 13

When did WW1 end

Answer 13

At 11:00am on the 11th of November 1918

Question 14

1929

Answer 14

The world entered the ‘Great Depression’

Question 15

1930-1939

Answer 15

Car ownership doubled in the UK from 1 to 2 million, though the shipbuilding industry was badly affected by the depression

Question 16

The BBC

Answer 16

1922 = starts radio broadcasts

1936 = began the world’s first regular television service

Question 17

1933

Answer 17

Adolf Hitler comes to power in Germany, he believe the condition imposed on the country after WW1 were unfair + he wanted to gain more land for Germany

Question 18

1939

Answer 18

WW2 Starts after Germany invades Poland and Britain and France declare war to stop Hitler’s aggression

Question 19

Dunkirk evacuation

Answer 19

1940 naval operation
Involved the evacuation of over 300 000 Allied soldiers (aided by small pleasure and fishing boats from Britain) during WW2, from the beaches and harbour of Dunkirk in the North of France
Same year that Winston Churchill becomes prime minster

Question 20

The Battle of Britain

Answer 20

1940 Air campaign waged against Britain by Nazi Germany where Britain defends itself against Nazi invasion using important planes like the Spitfire and the Hurricane
Fought at the same time that the British army was fighting the Axis on many other fronts

Question 21

When did America join World War 2

Answer 21

After the Japanese bombed its naval base at Pearl Harbour in December 1941

Question 22

What was the largest invasion attempted in history

Answer 22

Nazi Germany’s attempted invasion of the Soviet Union

Question 23

D-Day

Answer 23

6 June 1944 when allied forces landed in Normandy and repelled the German troops throughout Western Europe while the Russians pushed the German troops back across Eastern Europe

Question 24

When are the Nazis defeated in Europe

Answer 24

May 1945

Question 25

When does WW2 end

Answer 25

after Japan surrenders in August 1945

Question 26

Winston Churchill (1874-1965)

Answer 26

Became Prime Minister in May 1940
He refused to surrender to the Nazis and was an inspirational leader
He lost the General Election in 1945 but returned as Prime Minister in 1951
Voted in 2002 as the greatest Briton of all time