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Citizenship. > Th2 - A) Power And Politics > Flashcards

Th2 - A) Power And Politics Flashcards

1
Q

How does an election work

A

The country is split into constituencies.
Each constituency is allowed to elect 1 person.
The person who wins is called an MP.

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2
Q

Where do MP’s belong to?

A

Political parties

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3
Q

Three main political parties in the UK

A

Conservative
Labour
Liberal Democrats

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4
Q

What is Britain’s voting system called?

A

First past the post

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5
Q

What’s good about first past the post

A

It gives one winner who can make quick choices.

The leaders are therefore powerful.

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6
Q

Proportional representation

A

It’s a form of voting where power is split depending on the % of votes received

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7
Q

Is every vote important

A

Yes

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8
Q

How can people vote

A

Go to a polling station.
Through proxy.
Through the post.

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9
Q

Why should people vote

A

It’s your chance to get your voice heard.

If you don’t vote then somebody you don’t like might get elected.

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10
Q

Why shouldn’t you vote

A

Politicians never listen.

It’s a waste of time, 1 vote won’t make a difference.

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11
Q

How do we choose our leaders?

A

An election is taken place every 4 or 5 years

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12
Q

What’s the trend in voting recent years

A
  • less people are voting
  • the trend is decreasing
  • 1997 election- 71.5% the public voted
  • 2001 election - 59.4% the public voted
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13
Q

Manifesto

A

Before an election, each part release promises that they will fulfil if they win.

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14
Q

What happens after a person reads a manifesto

A

They decide which party to agree with

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15
Q

Why do voters vote for political parties?

A

For important issues
Where you live
Who your family votes for
Their social class

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16
Q

How do parties make sure you vote for them

A

Send out leaflets
Go door canvassing
Hold public meetings

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17
Q

Why do people want to become MPs

A

To make a change in their community

To have a say in society

Express their views

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18
Q

What is the leader of the government called

A

Prime minister

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19
Q

What happens in parliament

A

Each MP must represent the views of the people in their area and their political party

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20
Q

What does the government do

A

Runs the country, suggests new laws

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21
Q

How does the government get money

A

Through tax

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22
Q

Income Tax

A

Taken out of people’s salaries. More you earn the more tax you pay.

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23
Q

VAT

A

When you buy food, clothes, books.

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24
Q

Excise duty (TAX)

A

Things that are not good for us, alcohol & cigarettes.

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25
Q

Corporation Tax

A

This is paid on the profit made by the business

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26
Q

Why do we pay tax

A

So the government gives us services

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27
Q

What do our tax pay for

A 
Police
Army
Teachers
Doctors 
Roads
Street Lights
28
Q

Who is in charge of the governments money

A

The chancellor of exchequer

29
Q

How does the government make new laws

FIRST READING

A

The bill is introduced to the parliament

30
Q

How does the government make new laws

SECOND READING

A

A few weeks later, the bill is debated by MPs. A vote is taken, if the majority want it, the bill is passed.

31
Q

How does the government make new laws

STANDING COMMITTEE

A

A group of 16 to 20 MPs look at the bill and make possible changes that came up in the second reading

32
Q

How does the government make new laws

REPORT STAGE

A

The committee sends the report, with all the changes, back to the MPs. The changes are either ignored or approved.

33
Q

How does the government make new laws

HOUSE OF LORDS

A

The lords look at the bill.

If they disagree with it they send it back to the MPs in the House of Commons.

34
Q

How does the government make new laws

THIRD READING

A

The changes bill is debated in the House of Commons. Each MP votes if they approve of it or not

35
Q

How does the government make new laws

ROYAL ASSENT

A

Once the bill has passed the House of Commons and House of Lords it’s sent to the queen to sign the bill.

Once the bill is signed it becomes a law.

36
Q

Who are the House of Lords

A

They are lords who check bills.

37
Q

How are lords chosen

A

Some are chosen through family history / are picked by the government

38
Q

What can lords do

A

They can postpone a law if they disagree with it but they can’t cancel a law.

39
Q

Referendum

A

A vote when all the public aged 18 and over vote on an issue to decide where it should become a law or not.

40
Q

Constituency

A

An area of Britain which elects 1 MP

41
Q

How many constituencies are there

A

650

42
Q

By-election

A

it’s an election when an MP retires, is sacked or dies

43
Q

What did labour promise in their manifesto at the last election

A

To bring down hospital waiting lists

44
Q

What did the conservatives promise in their manifesto at the last election

A

Lower taxes

45
Q

What did liberal democrats promise in their manifestos at the last election

A

To stop university students paying tuition fees.

To increase income tax for the richest.

46
Q

What does the opposition do

A

Tries to stop the governments ideas becoming a law. They challenge the government & tries to make them look wrong

47
Q

What happens if the government makes unpopular laws

A

The public has got a chance to change the government every 4 or 5 years in a general election.

48
Q

Local council

A

A group of people who are elected to look after the affairs of a town, district or county.

49
Q

Councillor

A

A member of the local council who has been elected by people in the area

50
Q

How are councillors elected

A

Through local elections

51
Q

Do councillors get paid

A

No. They do a voluntary job. Can claim expenses.

52
Q

Why do people want to be councillors

A

They want to make a change in their local area

53
Q

What does the council do

A

Responsible for the running of the local town

54
Q

What services is the local council responsible for

A 
Education 
Social services 
Police
Fire brigade 
Housing 
Transport
55
Q

How does the council get money

A

Money from central government
Council tax
Business rates

56
Q

How is council tax worked out

A

Charges are based on the value of the property one lives in

57
Q

What does the local council spend most of its money on

A

Education and social services

58
Q

How can you have your voice heard

A

You can vote at election.
You can talk to your councillor.
You can look at the councils plans for the future.
Go council / cabinet meeting

59
Q

How can you complain to the local or government

A

You can write to the council.
You can start a campaign and protest.
Join a pressure group.

60
Q

Pressure group

A

A group of people who try to change public / government / council policy to agree with their beliefs

61
Q

How can pressure groups protest

A 
Write letters 
Petitions 
Contact councillors / newspapers 
Contact MPs
Marches 
Boycott
Strikes
Planned violence 
Letter bombs
62
Q

Why must pressure groups be careful

A

If they use violent or dangerous protests then they may scare away people who agree with them

63
Q

Are there any international pressure groups

A

Yes. One example is Amnesty International

64
Q

Amnesty international

A

World wide pressure group that campaigns to save people who are imprisoned, hurt or threatened by their government.

65
Q

Another international pressure group

A

Greenpeace- care about the environment

Citizenship. (2 decks)

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