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SURGICAL DISEASES > TH13 HYDATID DISEASE > Flashcards

TH13 HYDATID DISEASE Flashcards

1
Q

DEFINE HYDATID DISEASE

A

PARASITIC INFECTION CAUSED BY LARVA STAGE OF CESTODE ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS

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2
Q

WHICH IS THE ACCEPTED ENDEMIC WHERE HYDATID DISEASE IS A MAJOR HEALTH PROBLEM?

A

WHERE CATTLE + SHEEP ARE RAISED + DOGS HAVE ACCESS TO ANIMAL OFFAL

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3
Q

ENEDMIC AREAS OF HYDATID DISEASE?

A

MEDETERIAN COUNTRIES

  • spain
  • greece
  • turkey

NORTH AFRICA

MIDDLE EAST

AUTRALIA

NEW ZEALAND

SOUTH AMERICA

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4
Q

WHICH IS THE MOST COMMON SPECIES OF CESTORE ECHINOCCUS?

A

ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS WITH WIDEST GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION

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5
Q

WHICH ANIMAL IS THE DEFINATE HOST OF ECHINOCCUS GRANULOSUS?

A

DOGS + OTHER CANINES

ADULT FOR E. GANULOSUS LIVE IN SMALL INTESTINE OF THE DEFINITIVE HOST

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6
Q

WHICH ANIMAL IS THE INTERMEDIATE HOST OF ECHINOCCUS GRANULOSUS?

A

SHEEPS

CATTLES

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7
Q

WHICH TYPE OF HOSTS ARE HUMANS FOR E. GRANULOSUS?

A

INTEMEDIATE HOST

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8
Q

WHICH ACTIVITIES MAY INTERUPT THE PARASITIC CYLE OF E. GRANULOSUS AND PREVENT THE SPREAD OF HYDATID DISEASE?

A

APPROPRIATE DISPOSAL OF INFECTED ANIMAL VISCERA

HUMAN SHOULD BE CAUTIOUS WITH CONSUMING POTENTIALLY CONTAMINATED FRUITS + VEG IN ENEMIC AREA

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9
Q

WHAT IS THE STRUCTURE OF ADULT PARASITE OF ECHINICCOUS GRANULOSUS?

A 
5mm TAPWORM
PYRIFORM HEAD (SCOLEX)
4 SUCKERS 
NUMOURS HOOKLETS 
SHORT NECK 
ONLY FEW SEGMENTS (PROGLOTTIDS) of which the terminal one release the ova > 300-500 in number
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10
Q

WHAT IS THE STRUCTURE OF INTERMEDIATE ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS?

A

IS A HYDATID CYST
SPHERICAL SHAPE COLLECTION OF FLUID (some housing innumerable scolices)

WHITE TWO TRUE PARASITIC MEMBRANES (laminated + germinal)

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11
Q

STRUCTURE + ORIGIN OF PERICYSTIC LAYER OF HYDATID DISEASE?

A

SURROUNDING CYST > OUTER LATER (PERICYSTIC LAYER)

DOESN’T BELONG TO PARASITE

BUT REPRESENTS HOST PARENCHYME COMPRESSED INTO FIBROVASCULAR LAYER

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12
Q

WHICH ORGAN IS MOSTLY LOCALISED OF HYDATID CYST?

A

LIVER

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13
Q

SECOND MOST ORGAN AFFECTED BY HYDATID DISEASE?

A

LUNG

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14
Q

MOST COMMON COMPLICATION OF HYDATID DISEASE?

A 
RUPTURE 
PRESSURE EFFECTS 
LOSS OF FUNCTION 
SECONDARY INFECTION 
ALLERGIC REACTION
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15
Q

WHICH COMPLICATION IN LIVER HYDATID CYST IS A RESULT OF PRESSURE EFFECT?

A

OBSTRUCTURE JAUNDICE

BUDD CHIARL SYNDROME

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16
Q

WHERE LUNG HYDATID DISEASE MAY PERFORATE?

A

INTO BRONCHUS + PLEURAL SPACE

17
Q

WHERE LIVER HYDATID CYST PERFORATE?

A

BILIARY TREE

PERITONEAL CAVITY

18
Q

MOST SENSITIVE IMMUNOLOGICAL METHOD TO DX HUMAN HYDATIDOSIS?

A

ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay)

19
Q

IMAGING METHOD OF FIRST CHOICE IN DX LIVER HYDATID DISEASE?

A

ABDOMINAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY

  • non invasive test + easily repeated
  • define as univesicular/ multi vesicular + fragmentation of laminar membrane
  • cyst thickness + calcification
20
Q

IMAGING METHOD OF FIRST CHOICE IN DX OF LUNG HYDATID DISAEASE?

A

PLAIN CHEST RADIOGRAPH

21
Q

WHICH CONDITION MAY MIMIC HYDATID CYST?

A

NEOPLASTIC INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS

22
Q

WHICH TX REMAINS IN MANAGEMENT OF HYDATID DISEASE?

A

SURGICAL TX
should be individualised according to location of cyst
presence of complication
px overal physiological condition

23
Q

MAIN DANGER IN SURGICAL TX OF HYDATID DISEASE?

A

SPILLAGE OF CYST
HIGH RISK OF IMPLANTATION OF CYST
HIFH RISK OF IMPLANTATION OF VIABLE SCOLICES + DEVELOPMENT OF NEW CYST ON NEARBY STRUCTURES

24
Q

MAIN INDICATION OF DRUG TX IN HYDATID DISEASE?

A

DRUG TX

  • recommended for complicated hydatid conditions
  • especially involving BRAIN, HEAR, BONE + PX UNFIT FOR OPERATION
  • also in recurrent of disease
25
Q

WHICH AGENTS CURRENTLY AVAILABLE IN DRUG TX OF HYDATID DISEASE?

A

TWO AGENTS - ANTIHELMINTIC DRUGS

  • MEBENDAZOLE
  • ALBENDAZOLE
26
Q

HOW MANY LAYERS OF HYDATID CYST?

A

3 LAYERS

27
Q

WHAT CAUSE BE CAUSED IF HYDATID DISEASE RUPTURES INTO PERITONEAL CAVITY?

A

ANAPHYLAXIS

SURGICAL DISEASES (13 decks)

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