TH13 HYDATID DISEASE Flashcards
DEFINE HYDATID DISEASE
PARASITIC INFECTION CAUSED BY LARVA STAGE OF CESTODE ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS
WHICH IS THE ACCEPTED ENDEMIC WHERE HYDATID DISEASE IS A MAJOR HEALTH PROBLEM?
WHERE CATTLE + SHEEP ARE RAISED + DOGS HAVE ACCESS TO ANIMAL OFFAL
ENEDMIC AREAS OF HYDATID DISEASE?
MEDETERIAN COUNTRIES
- spain
- greece
- turkey
NORTH AFRICA
MIDDLE EAST
AUTRALIA
NEW ZEALAND
SOUTH AMERICA
WHICH IS THE MOST COMMON SPECIES OF CESTORE ECHINOCCUS?
ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS WITH WIDEST GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION
WHICH ANIMAL IS THE DEFINATE HOST OF ECHINOCCUS GRANULOSUS?
DOGS + OTHER CANINES
ADULT FOR E. GANULOSUS LIVE IN SMALL INTESTINE OF THE DEFINITIVE HOST
WHICH ANIMAL IS THE INTERMEDIATE HOST OF ECHINOCCUS GRANULOSUS?
SHEEPS
CATTLES
WHICH TYPE OF HOSTS ARE HUMANS FOR E. GRANULOSUS?
INTEMEDIATE HOST
WHICH ACTIVITIES MAY INTERUPT THE PARASITIC CYLE OF E. GRANULOSUS AND PREVENT THE SPREAD OF HYDATID DISEASE?
APPROPRIATE DISPOSAL OF INFECTED ANIMAL VISCERA
HUMAN SHOULD BE CAUTIOUS WITH CONSUMING POTENTIALLY CONTAMINATED FRUITS + VEG IN ENEMIC AREA
WHAT IS THE STRUCTURE OF ADULT PARASITE OF ECHINICCOUS GRANULOSUS?
5mm TAPWORM PYRIFORM HEAD (SCOLEX) 4 SUCKERS NUMOURS HOOKLETS SHORT NECK ONLY FEW SEGMENTS (PROGLOTTIDS) of which the terminal one release the ova > 300-500 in number
WHAT IS THE STRUCTURE OF INTERMEDIATE ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS?
IS A HYDATID CYST
SPHERICAL SHAPE COLLECTION OF FLUID (some housing innumerable scolices)
WHITE TWO TRUE PARASITIC MEMBRANES (laminated + germinal)
STRUCTURE + ORIGIN OF PERICYSTIC LAYER OF HYDATID DISEASE?
SURROUNDING CYST > OUTER LATER (PERICYSTIC LAYER)
DOESN’T BELONG TO PARASITE
BUT REPRESENTS HOST PARENCHYME COMPRESSED INTO FIBROVASCULAR LAYER
WHICH ORGAN IS MOSTLY LOCALISED OF HYDATID CYST?
LIVER
SECOND MOST ORGAN AFFECTED BY HYDATID DISEASE?
LUNG
MOST COMMON COMPLICATION OF HYDATID DISEASE?
RUPTURE PRESSURE EFFECTS LOSS OF FUNCTION SECONDARY INFECTION ALLERGIC REACTION
WHICH COMPLICATION IN LIVER HYDATID CYST IS A RESULT OF PRESSURE EFFECT?
OBSTRUCTURE JAUNDICE
BUDD CHIARL SYNDROME
WHERE LUNG HYDATID DISEASE MAY PERFORATE?
INTO BRONCHUS + PLEURAL SPACE
WHERE LIVER HYDATID CYST PERFORATE?
BILIARY TREE
PERITONEAL CAVITY
MOST SENSITIVE IMMUNOLOGICAL METHOD TO DX HUMAN HYDATIDOSIS?
ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay)
IMAGING METHOD OF FIRST CHOICE IN DX LIVER HYDATID DISEASE?
ABDOMINAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY
- non invasive test + easily repeated
- define as univesicular/ multi vesicular + fragmentation of laminar membrane
- cyst thickness + calcification
IMAGING METHOD OF FIRST CHOICE IN DX OF LUNG HYDATID DISAEASE?
PLAIN CHEST RADIOGRAPH
WHICH CONDITION MAY MIMIC HYDATID CYST?
NEOPLASTIC INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS
WHICH TX REMAINS IN MANAGEMENT OF HYDATID DISEASE?
SURGICAL TX
should be individualised according to location of cyst
presence of complication
px overal physiological condition
MAIN DANGER IN SURGICAL TX OF HYDATID DISEASE?
SPILLAGE OF CYST
HIGH RISK OF IMPLANTATION OF CYST
HIFH RISK OF IMPLANTATION OF VIABLE SCOLICES + DEVELOPMENT OF NEW CYST ON NEARBY STRUCTURES
MAIN INDICATION OF DRUG TX IN HYDATID DISEASE?
DRUG TX
- recommended for complicated hydatid conditions
- especially involving BRAIN, HEAR, BONE + PX UNFIT FOR OPERATION
- also in recurrent of disease
