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Engelse literatuur > Textual Analysis 5 VWO > Flashcards

Textual Analysis 5 VWO Flashcards

1
Q

What is the IB ‘big five’?

A
  1. Audience/purpose
  2. Content/theme
  3. Tone/mood
  4. Stylistic devices
  5. Structure
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2
Q

What is a bildungsroman?

A

a special kind of novel that focuses on the psychological and moral growth of the main character, from his or her youth to adulthood.

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3
Q

What is deus ex machina?

A

refers to the circumstance where an unexpected power or event is saving a seemingly hopeless situation, especially as a contrived plot device in a play or a novel.

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4
Q

What is foreshadowing?

A

where future events in a story are suggested (however no mentioned deliberately).

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5
Q

What is in medias res?

A

the novel starts in the middle (B, A, C).

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6
Q

What is parallelism?

A

use of similar or identical language, structures, events or ideas in different parts of a text.

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7
Q

What is a red herring?

A

an item, action, character or idea specifically introduced to mislead readers or characters, or to induce them to make false conclusions.

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8
Q

What is an antogonist?

A

this/these characters provides conflict by acting as an opposing force to the protagonist.

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9
Q

What is an anti-hero?

A

a central character in a play or a book who lacks conventional heroic attributes.

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10
Q

What is an archetype?

A

a typical character, action or situation that seems to represent universal patterns of human nature.

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11
Q

What is an character arc?

A

the transformation of inner journey of a character over the course of the story.

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12
Q

What is direct or explicit characterisation?

A

another character, the narrator, or the protagonist describes him/herself to the audience.

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13
Q

What is a flat character?

A

one-dimensial. You only see on or two of their traits and they don’t change; often stereotypes.

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14
Q

What is a foil?

A

a character who is meant to represent characteristics, values, ideas, etc. which are directly and diametrically opposed to those of another character, usually the protagonist.

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15
Q

What is indirect or implicit characterisation?

A

it reveals details about a character without stating them explicitely.

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16
Q

What is a protagonist?

A

most important person in the story (can be more than 1).

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17
Q

What is a round character?

A

is complex, has many traits, and experiences change during the story. Always develop some way.

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18
Q

What are supporting characters?

A

other, less important characters who can help or hinder the protagonist.

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19
Q

What is a tragic hero/tragic figure?

A

a protagonist who comes to a bad end as a result of his won behaviour, usually caused by a specific character flaw.

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20
Q

What is a tragic flaw?

A

the single characteristic (usually negative) or personality flaw which causes the downfall of the protagonist.

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21
Q

What two kind of settings are there?

A

Backdrop, unimportant, could be happening anywhere else.
Integral, influences the story.

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22
Q

What is first person narrative?

A

writing from the perspective of the writer of main character.

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23
Q

What is second person narrative?

A

addresses you, the reader, directly: the writer tells the story by using second person pronouns, like you and your.

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24
Q

What is the third person perspective?

A

uses he, she, it and they personal pronouns. Commonly used.

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25
What is third person objective?
an impersonal recorder or neutral observer narrates the fact or details to the readers.
26
What is omniscient narrater?
reports the facts, as well as interpreting and relating the thoughts of a character. Very popular.
27
What is third person limited?
a narrator reports and interprets the facts and events rom a single character's perspective.
28
What is the difference in tone and mood?
tone is conveyed through choice of words, while mood is the atmosphere of the piece of writing.
29
What is connotation vs denotation?
connotation is figurative language, while denotation is literal.
30
What is symbolism?
the use of specific objects or images to represent abstract ideas
31
What is an allusion?
a brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance
32
What is a metaphor?
a comparison between two unrelated things, but that share common characteristics
33
What is a simile?
a direct comparison between two different things, showing the similarities. Using like and as
34
What is personification?
a figure of speech where a thing is given human attributes
35
What is an anthropomorphism?
where animals are portrayed as human by walking, talking, etc.
36
What is imagery?
presents in such a way it appeals to our physical senses. For imagery you need other figure of speeches, as in a metaphor, simile, onomatopoeia and personification.
37
What is a synecdoche?
a part represents the whole, or the whole represents a part (=> check out my new wheels)
38
What is a metonymy?
replaces the name of a things with the name of something else with which is is closely associated (=> you owe loyalty to the crown)
39
What is an alliteration?
example: Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers
40
What is an onomatopoeia?
used to describe words that mime the natural sounds of things
41
What is a cacophony/euphony?
cacophony uses hard sounds, for an unpleasant feeling. While euphony uses pleasant sounds, for a relaxed feeling
42
What is a juxtapositon?
two or more things are places side by side, for the purpose of developing comparisons and contrasts (=> night and day, good and evil)
43
What is a oxymoron?
when two opposite ideas are joined to create and effect (=> cruel kindness, living death)
44
What is a paradox?
a statement that appears to self-contradictory or silly, but may actually be true (=> if I know one thing, it's that I know nothing)
45
What is diction, what types are there?
choice of words: - formal - informal - colloquial (= specific to time, region and community) - slang
46
What is a hyperbole?
exaggerating ideas in order to create emphasis
47
What is an euphemism?
it loses its literal meaning and refers to something else, in order to lose its unpleasantness
48
What is a creative license?
exaggeration or alteration of objective facts or reality, for the purpose of enhancing meaning in a fictional context
49
What is an asyndeton?
means you intentionally eliminate conjunctions between phrases, without grammatical error (=> without looking, without making a sound, without talking)
50
What is a syndeton?
including multiple conjunctions (he eats and sleeps and drinks)
51
What is irony, and what kind are there?
a difference between appearance and reality: - situational: reversal of expectations - dramatic: reader knows somethings, the characters don't - verbal: a person says on thing, but means another
52
What is sarcasm?
part of verbal irony, but with the intent to hurt
53
What is a pun?
a play on words that produce a humorous effect by using a word that suggests two or more meanings
54
What is wit?
a clever expression of thought, someone has wit, is witty
55
What is syntax?
a set of rules in a language
56
What is a disjuncion?
a conjunction that dramatically interrupts the rhythm of he sentence. Creates suspense or surprise
57
What is sentence structure?
short and simple sentences create tension, haste or urgency; long and complex sentences are slower and often feature in formal texts
58
What are fractured sentences?
incomplete sentences are used to increase tension or urgency, or reflect the way people speak to each other
59
What is an enjambment?
a poetic technique, when a sentence or phrase runs over more than one line. This assists the flow
60
What is a ballad?
usually narrative verses (telling a story). Originally they were set to music. Often ABABBCBC or ABABABAB
61
What is a sonnet, what three types are there?
14 lines, a specific rhyme, a particular twist in the message: - Petrarchan: ABBA ABBA CDE CDE or ABBA ABBA CDC CDC - Shakespearean: ABAB CDCD EFEF GG - Spenserian: ABAB BCBC CDCD EE
62
What is a limerick?
comic verses, containing five lines. The 1st, 2nd and 5th are longer and rhyme together
63
What is a haiku?
from Japan, 5-7-5 syllables per line. Usually don't rhyme and have to include some kind of contrast or juxtaposition, creating an effect of suprise
64
What is an ode?
verses aimed to praise something
65
What is an elegy?
an elegy typically mourns the death of an individual
66
What is a blank verse?
consists of 10 syllables, iambic, has no set number of lines. Often used in descriptive and reflective poetry, and in dramatic monologues
67
What is free verse?
no set meter, rhyme scheme or pattern. Popular in (post) modernist literature
68
What is concrete poetry?
here the typographical effect is most imporant
69
What is an anadiplosis?
a repeated word or phrase is used both at the end of one sentence or clause and at the beginning of the next (=> fear leads to anger. Anger leads to hate. Hate leads to suffering)
70
What is an anaphora?
repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses of verses (= it was the best of times, it was the worst of times)
71
What is an anecdote?
a short story to demonstrate a point and to make the audience laugh
72
What is an anthypophora?
kind of rhetorical question, but answers his own questions immediately
73
What is an aporia?
where a speaker expresses doubt about something, usually as a way of proving a point
74
What is an assonance?
similarity in sound between internal vowels in neighbouring words
75
What is a dialogismus?
the speaker ends up talking not as themselves, just for rhetorical effect (either as thinking out loud as someone else, or paraphrasing)
76
What is ethos?
a statement that relies on the credibility and authority of the speaker
77
What is eutrepismus?
the numbering of a series of phrasing, making them easier to take in a nd follow your train of though
78
What is kairos?
a statement that makes use of the particular moment
79
What is logos?
a statement based on reason and logic: - inductive - deductive
80
What is pathos?
a statement meant to play on your emotions
81
What is a rhetorical question?
question just asked for the effect
82
What is repetition?
repeating the same words or phrases
83
What is an understatement?
makes the situations seem less important

Engelse literatuur (3 decks)

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