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DT > Textiles > Flashcards

Textiles Flashcards

1
Q

What is a fibre?

A

A very fine hair like structure that is spun or twisted to make a yarn.

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2
Q

What is a yarn?

A

Yarn is like a thread. Yarns are woven together or knitted to create a textile fabric in sheet form.

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3
Q

Fibres tend to come from Polymers. Where do the polymers come from?

A

Natural sources (plants or animals)
Synthetic sources (man-made usually from plastics)

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4
Q

Properties of Cotton

A

Absorbent, strong, cool to wear, hard wearing, smooth, easy to care for

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5
Q

Uses of cotton

A

Clothing, sewing/knitting threads, soft furnishings, medical dressings, bed sheets, canvas

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6
Q

Disadvantages of cotton

A

Creases easily, flammable, can shrink

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7
Q

What type of polymer is cotton?

A

Plant

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8
Q

Properties of linen

A

Strong, cool to wear, absorbent, hard wearing, has a natural appearance, handles well

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9
Q

Uses of linen

A

Light weight summer clothing, soft furnishings, table linen

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10
Q

Disadvantages of linen

A

Creases very easily, flammable

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11
Q

What type of polymer is linen?

A

Plant - comes from hemp

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12
Q

Properties of hemp

A

Absorbency, non-static, antibacterial, naturally lustrous, strong in tension

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13
Q

Uses of hemp

A

Clothing, carpets and rugs, ropes, mattress fillings

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14
Q

What type of polymer is hemp?

A

Plant

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15
Q

Properties of jute

A

Very absorbent, high tensile strength, antistatic

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16
Q

Uses of jute

A

Bags, sacking, carpets, geo textiles, yarn and twine, upholstery, clothing (to a lesser extent)

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17
Q

What type of polymer is jute?

A

Plant

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18
Q

Properties of silk

A

Absorbent, comfortable to wear, can be cool or warm to wear, strong when dry, has a natural sheen, good feel

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19
Q

Uses of silk

A

Luxury clothing and lingerie, knitwear, soft furnishings

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20
Q

Disadvantages of silk

A

Creases

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21
Q

What type of polymer is silk?

A

Insect

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22
Q

Properties of wool

A

Warm, absorbent, low flammability, good elasticity, crease resistant, strong, remains a good insulator when wet, can wick away 30% moisture

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23
Q

Uses of wool

A

Warmer outer clothing including coats, jackets, suits, knitwear, carpets, blankets

24
Q

Disadvantages of wool

A

Shrink easily, when wet dries slow

25
Q

What type of polymer is wool?

A

Animal

26
Q

Properties of polyester

A

Strong when wet and dry, flame resistant (but will melt), thermoforming, hardwearing, crease resistant

27
Q

Uses of polyester

A

Versatile fabric used throughout textiles

28
Q

Disadvantages of polyester

A

Poor absorbency (could sometimes be an advantage)

29
Q

Properties of nylon (polyamide)

A

Strong and hard wearing, melts as it burns, thermoforming, good elasticity, resistant to chemicals and perspiration

30
Q

Uses of nylon

A

Clothing, carpets, rucksacks, seat belts, ropes

31
Q

Disadvantages of nylon

A

Poor absorbency

32
Q

Properties of polypropylene

A

Thermoforming with low mp, strong, crease resistant, chemical resistant, hardwearing, durable

33
Q

Uses of polypropylene

A

Engineered for specific uses, carpet, twine, fishing nets, ropes, sacks

34
Q

Disadvantages of polypropylene

A

Poor absorbency

35
Q

Properties of acrylic

A

Strong except when wet, thermoforming, burns slowly then melts, good insulator

36
Q

Uses of acrylic

A

Knit wear and some knitted fabrics, fake fur products

37
Q

Disadvantages of acrylic

A

Poor absorbency

38
Q

Properties of elastane, Lycra

A

Very elastic and stretchy, lightweight, strong and hardwearing

39
Q

Uses of elastane, Lycra

A

Swimwear, and sports wear, skinny jeans

40
Q

Properties of aramid fibres (includes Kevlar)

A

Heat resistant, 5X stronger than nylon, abrasion resistant, low shrinkage, ease of care, Kevlar - tear resistant, very high tensile strength, light weight

41
Q

Uses of aramid fibres

A

Flame resistant clothing, kevlar used in body armour, geo textiles, aeronautical industry, ropes, cables. Kevlar - carbon fibre

42
Q

Disadvantages of aramid fibres

A

Shrink easily, kevlar shrinks if wet

43
Q

Properties of nomex (aramid)

A

Flame proof, tough, durable, very flexible

44
Q

Uses of nomex

A

Often combined with kevlar to give a flexible, lightweight, tear, flame, and heat resistant material

45
Q

Woven textiles types

A

Plain weave and twill weave

46
Q

Advantages of Plain woven textiles

A

Strong, hard wearing, cheap to make, easy to add printed designs

47
Q

Disadvantages of plain woven textiles

A

Quality can vary, firm

48
Q

Advantages of twill weave

A

Strong, hard wearing and hangs well

49
Q

Disadvantages of twill woven textiles

A

Frays, thickness can be hard to work with

50
Q

Advantages of non-woven textiles

A

Doesn’t fray, cheap to make, durable, doesn’t lose shape

51
Q

Disadvantages of non-woven textiles

A

Disposable, weak when wet

52
Q

Advantages of felted fabric

A

Doesn’t unravel or fray, easy to cut, good insulator

53
Q

Disadvantages of felted fabric

A

Weak, will easily lose shape, expensive

54
Q

Welt knitting

A

Interlocking loops are formed horizontally which enable it to stretch
May lose shape

55
Q

Warp knitting

A

Loops interlock vertically, so knit keeps its shape and is less likely to unravel or ladder

DT (8 decks)

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