TEXTILE FIBRES CH 2 Flashcards
What is nylon?
It is thermoplastic, resilient, elastic and very strong. It is used for wide variety of apparel, home furnishings and upholstery.
Give the microscopic test of nylon.
It appears as fine, round, smooth and translucent. Sometimes it has shiny appearance. If it looks dull, it will also be dotted under the microscope.
Give the burning test of nylon.
It burns quickly and shrinks away from flame. The beads are hard, greyish and uncrushable. After removing from flame, they burn slowly and melt. They are self-extinguishing but drip dangerously. Their odour is like celery and they leave no ash but the fume is very hazardous.
Give the advantages and disadvantages of nylon.
ADVANTAGES:-
1) strong
2) elastic
3) durable
4) resilient
5) warm
6) abrasion resistance
7) wrinkle resistant
8) holds shape well
DISADVANTAGES:-
1) pills or snags easily
2) static clings
3) non-absorbent
4) holds body heat
Give the uses of nylon.
1) APPAREL USE - High tenacity nylons are used for parachute fabrics, cords and ropes, ladies gloves, ladies hose, under wear, swimming wear, stocking, hosiery fabric etc.
2) DOMESTIC USE - It is used for home furnishings, carpets, upholstery ropes and cords.
3) INDUSTRIAL USE - In fishing nets, tire cords, filtering cloths, sewing threads are made of nylon. It is used in manufacturing of belts of various machines
4) Nylon is popular for hosiery and is used to make track pants, shorts, swimwear, active wear, windbreakers and draperies.
5) It was also used to make tires, tents, ropes, ponchos, and other military supplies
Give the physical and chemical properties of nylon.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:-
1) Tenacity - 4-9 g/den of dry, in wet 90% of dry
2) Elasticity - breaking extension is 20-40%
3) Abrasion resistance - excellent
4) Dimensional stability - good
5) Resiliency - excellent
6) Hand feel - soft and smooth
7) Light - no discolouration. Nylon gradually loses its strength on prolonged exposure
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:-
1) Acid - nylon is dissolved in the concentrated mineral acid but resistant to dilute boiling organic acid
2) Bleaches - not attacked by oxidising and reducing bleaches but may be harmed by chlorine and strong oxidising bleaches.
3) Alkali - nylon is substantially inert to alkalis
4) Biological - neither microorganisms nor moth, larvae attack nylon
5) Electrical - high insulating properties leads to static charges on the fibre
6) Flammability - burns slowly
