Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Semester 2 2019 Microbiology > Textbook Questions - Chapter One > Flashcards

Textbook Questions - Chapter One Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

List some of the ways microbes affect our lives

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Recognise the system of science nomenclature that uses two names : a genus and a specific epithet

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Differentiate the major characteristics of each group of microorganisms.

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

List the three domains.

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Distinguish a genus from a specific epithet.

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which group of microbes are prokaryotes? Which are eukaryotes?

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is cell theory?

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What evidence supported spontaneous generation?

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How was spontaneous generation disproved?

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Summarise in your own words the germ theory of disease.

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the importance of Koch’s postulates?

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the significance of Jenner’s discovery?

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What was Ehrlich’s magic bullet?

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Define bacteriology, mycology, parasitology, immunology, and virology.

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Differentiate microbial genetics from microbial genetics.

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name two beneficial uses of bacteria.

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Differentiate biotechnology from recombinant DNA technology.

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Define normal microbiota and resistance.

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Define biofilm.

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Define emerging infectious disease.

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Differentiate normal microbiota and infectious disease.

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Why are biofilms important?

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What factors contribute to the emergence of infectious disease?

A

A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are living things too small to be seen with the unaided eye called?

A

Microorganisms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are microorganisms?

A

living things too small to be seen with the unaided eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Are microorganisms important in maintaining the earth’s ecological balance?

A

Yes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Are some microorganisms that live in human and other animals needed to maintain good health?

A

Yes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Are some microorganisms good?

A

Yes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Are some microorganisms used to produce food and chemicals?

A

Yes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Do some microorganisms cause disease?

A

Yes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Who was the scientific nomenclature system designed by?

A

Carolus Linnaeus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

In the nomenclature system developed by Carolus Linnaeus, is each living organism assigned two names?

A

Yes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

In the nomenclature system, do the two names consist of a genus and epithet, both of which are underlined and italicised?

A

Yes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Are bacteria unicellular organisms?

A

Yes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Do bacteria have a cell wall?

A

No.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Because bacteria don’t have a cell wall are the cells described as prokaryotic?

A

Yes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Do most bacteria have a peptidoglycan cell wall?

A

Yes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Do most bacteria divide by binary fission and possess flagella, because they possess a peptidoglycan cell? wall?

A

Yes.

39
Q

Can bacteria use a wide range of chemical substances for their nutrition?

A

Yes.

40
Q

Do archaea consist of prokaryotic cells, and lack peptidoglycan in their cells walls?

A

Yes.

41
Q

Do archaea include methanogens, extreme halophiles, and extreme thermophiles?

A

Yes.

42
Q

Do most fungi (mushrooms, molds and yeasts) have eukaryotic cells (cells with a true nucleus)? Are most fungi multicellular?

A

Yes. Yes.

43
Q

Do fungi obtain nutrients by absorbing organic material from their environment?

A

Yes.

44
Q

Are protozoa unicellular eukaryotes?

A

Yes.

45
Q

Do protozoa obtain nourishment by absorption or ingestion through specialised structures?

A

Yes.

46
Q

Are algae unicellular or multicellular eukaryotes that obtain nourishment by photosynthesis?

A

Yes.

47
Q

Do algae produce oxygen and carbohydrates that are used by other organisms?

A

Yes.

48
Q

Are viruses noncellular entities that are parasites of cells?

A

Yes.

49
Q

Do viruses consist of a nucleic acid core (DNA and RNA) surrounded by a protein coat? Does an envelope surround the coat?

A

Yes. Yes.

50
Q

Are the principal groups of multicellular animal parasites called flatworms and roundworms, collectively known as helminths?

A

Yes.

51
Q

Are the microscopic stages in the life cycle of helminths identified by traditional microbiological procedures?

A

Yes.

52
Q

Are all organisms classified into Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya?

A

Yes.

53
Q

Do Eukarya include protists, fungi, plants, and animals?

A

Yes.

54
Q

Did Hooke’s observations lay the groundwork for development of cell theory, the concept that all living things are composed of cells?

A

Yes.

55
Q

Did Anton Van Leeuwenhoek using a simple microscope, the first to observe microorganisms?

A

Yes.

56
Q

Until the mid-1880s did people believe in spontaneous generation, the idea that living organisms could arise from nonliving matter?

A

Yes.

57
Q

Did Francesco Reddi demonstrate that maggots appear on decaying meat only when flies are able to lay eggs on the meat?

A

Yes.

58
Q

Did John Needham claim that microorganisms could arise spontaneously from heated nutrient broth?

A

Yes.

59
Q

Did Lazzarro Spallanzani repeat Needham’s experiments and suggest that Needham’s results were due to microorganisms in the air entering his broth?

A

Yes.

60
Q

Did rudolf virchow introduce the concept of biogenesis that living cells can arise only from preexisting cells?

A

Yes

61
Q

Did Louis Pasteur demonstrate that microorganisms are in the air everywhere and offer proof of biogenesis?

A

Yes.

62
Q

Did Pasteur’s discoveries lead to the development of aseptic techniques used in laboratory and medical procedures to prevent contamination by microorganisms?

A

Yes.

63
Q

Did the science of microbiology advance rapidly between 1857 and 1914?

A

Yes.

64
Q

Did Pasteur find that yeasts ferment sugars to alcohol and that bacteria can oxidise alcohol to acetic acid?

A

Yes.

65
Q

Is the heating process pasteurization used to kill bacteria in some alcoholic beverages and milk?

A

Yes.

66
Q

Did Agostino Bassi and Pasteur show a causal relationship between microorganisms and disease?

A

Yes.

67
Q

Did Joseph Lister introduce the use of a disinfectant to clean surgical wounds in order to control infections in humans?

A

Yes.

68
Q

Did Robert Koch prove that microorganisms cause disease? Did he use a sequence of procedures called Koch’s postulates that are used today to prove that a particular microorganism causes a particular disease?

A

Yes.

69
Q

In 1798 did Edward Jenner demonstrate that inoculation with cowpox material provides humans with immunity to smallpox?

A

Yes.

70
Q

In 1880 did Pasteur discover that avirulent bacteria can be used as a vaccine for fowl cholera?

A

Yes.

71
Q

Are modern vaccines prepared from living avirulent microorganisms or killed pathogens, from isolated components of pathogens and from recombinant DNA techniques?

A

Yes.

72
Q

Is Chemotherapy the chemical treatment of a disease?

A

Yes.

73
Q

What are the two types of chemotherapeutic agents?

A

Synthetic drugs (chemically prepared in the laboratory) and antibiotics (substances produced naturally by bacteria and fungi that inhibit growth of bacteria).

74
Q

Did Paul Ehrlich introduce an arsenic-containing chemical called salvarsan to treat syphilis?

A

Yes.

75
Q

Did Alexander Fleming observe that the Penicillum fungus inhibited growth of a bacterial culture? Did he name the active ingredient penicillin?

A

Yes. Yes.

76
Q

Are researchers tackling the problem of drug-resistant microbes?

A

Yes.

77
Q

Is bacteriology the study of bacteria, mycology the study of fungi, and parasitology the study of parasitic protozoa and worms?

A

Yes.

78
Q

Do microbiologists use genomics, the study of all an organism’s genes, to classify bacteria, fungi and protozoa?

A

Yes.

79
Q

Are the study of AIDS, analysis of the action of interferons, and the development of new vaccines among the current research interests in immunology?

A

Yes.

80
Q

Have new techniques in molecular biology and electron microscopy provided tools for advancing our knowledge of virology?

A

Yes.

81
Q

Has the development of recombinant DNA technology helped advance all areas of microbiology?

A

Yes.

82
Q

Do microorganisms degrade dead plants and animals and recycle chemical elements to be used by living plants and animals?

A

Yes.

83
Q

Are bacteria used to decompose organic material in sewage?

A

Yes.

84
Q

Do bioremediation processes use bacteria to clean up toxic wastes?

A

Yes.

85
Q

Are bacteria that causes diseases in insects being used as biological controls of insect pests? Are biological controls specific for the pest, and do not harm the environment?

A

Yes.

86
Q

Is using microbes to make products such as food and chemicals called biotechnology?

A

Yes.

87
Q

In gene therapy, are viruses used to carry replacements for defective or missing genes into human cells?

A

Yes.

88
Q

Are genetically modified bacteria used in agriculture to protect plants from frost and insects and to improve the shelf life of produces?

A

Yes.

89
Q

Does everyone have microorganisms in and on the body, and do these make up the normal microbiota or flora?

A

Yes.

90
Q

Are disease-producing properties of a species of microbe and the host’s resistance important factors in determining whether a person will contract a disease?

A

Yes.

91
Q

Do bacterial communities form slimy layers on surfaces called biofilms?

A

Yes.

92
Q

In an infectious disease one in which pathogens invade a susceptible host?

A

Yes.

93
Q

Is an emerging infectious disease one in which a new or changing disease showing an increase in incidence in the recent past or a potential to increase in the near future?

A

Yes.

Semester 2 2019 Microbiology (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions