Textbook Questions Flashcards
John and hid father fought all the time, but thy still saw each other every day. why did John stay in such an unsatisfying relationship with his father?
no viable alternatives are available
the habitual degree to which stimulation produces arousal of the nervous system is called
arousability
which personality characteristic is associated with hypersensitivity to overstimulation
shyness
what type of person performs better in quiet settings
introverted
_______ is one of the most powerful reasons that determine whether you become friends with someone
proximity
why do anxious people often seek to be with others
for social distraction
_____ makes us more susceptible to others influence
information dependence
in general what provides opportunities for cognitive clarity
affiliation
whenever Joyce walked into class she felt like other were observing and judging her physical attractiveness. what was Joyce feeling
social physique anxiety
self perceptions of attractiveness are often influenced by ____
social comparison
when Susie met her new roommate at college and learned they were from neighboring hometowns and had the same religious background, she felt ____ liking for her
greater
relationship attraction tends to mean that ___ is the most important factor
attitude similarity
if a person says, “im lonely because I don’t know anyone here but things will get better” what sort of causal attribution are they making
unstable/external
according to research when do women tend to experience loneliness
when they lack one on one emotional sharing
people who are chronically lonely are often that way for what reason
lack of social skills
the most distinguishing feature of intimacy is the removal of _______ boundaries between people, so that one experiences another as part of him or herself
psychological
the majority of everyday relationships operate on the principle of social _____, in which we carefully tally our costs and balance them against our rewards to determine of we should maintain the relationship
exchange
what is NOT a trait if an exchange relationship
helping ones partner to elevate ones mood
what is an example of the More reflex
the ability to grasp and hold fast when startled
mothers produce _____, a hormone that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain and has a positive influence on parenting behaviour
oxytocin
after parental separation, during the despair stage, a child is likely to do what
remain quiet
women who are most likely to perceive mate rivalry with their female friends are those who see themselves, and are judged by others, as ______ their friends
less physically attractive than
the biggest problem in cross sex friendship is
sexual tension
same sex friendships between gay men are as intimate as those of _____
lesbians
what is considered to be a short lived type of love that happens in the early stage of a romantic relationship when ones partners live is less certain
passionate love
what is NOT a trait commonly associated with companionate love
lust
what might explain why women and men differ in their experience of love
cultural and/or evolutionary forces
what is NOT an example of a marginalized relationship
a Caucasian man with a Caucasian women
people who previously perceived higher levels of disapproval from friends, family, and society at large were more likely to have a _____ relationship
failed
a partner who is _____ in a relationship should feel guilty about the inequality that exists in the relationship
over benefited
what kind if harm is produced by aggression
intentional
what is another name for hostile aggression
reactive aggression
when a group has a discussion and the result is group produced enhancement or exaggeration of members initial attitudes, this is called _____
polarization
how many homicides occur worldwide each year
500,000`
female aggression more ____ than male aggression
indirect
although our genes play a role, what else shapes aggression
social and cultural factors
which of the following theories claim that aggression is caused by frustration
frustration-aggression hypothesis
what is the term used to explain how venting will reduce aggression
catharsis
Zillman found that men were willing to give stronger shocks to confederates after doing what
strenuous exercise
_____ societies tend to be those that develop cultures of honor
lawless
from what U.S. region are white male college students more likely to interpret advice about how to respond to aggression as sanctioning physical violence?
south
What is the false belief that women enjoy forced sex?
the rape myth
____ are used to express the idea that women are expected to act resistant to sex and men are expected to persist in their sexual advances.
cultural sexual scripts
What may happen if aggressive behavior is punished with violent means?
more aggression
what is NOT a strategy explored by social psychologists to reduce aggression?
psychological punishment
The famous case of _________ in 1964 was instrumental in prompting numerous studies on helping behavior.
Kitty Genovese’s murder
Conservatives adhere to what norm when faced with helping people who are not in life-threatening situations?
norm of social responsibility
If you feel less compelled to help out in a natural disaster and hold victims responsible for their plight, you are likely a _________.
conservative
Those who tend to have ________ tendencies are more likely to help than those who have ________ tendencies.
collectivist
individualistic
What is the fourth step in the bystander intervention model?
knowing the appropriate form to help to render
What is the last step in the bystander intervention model?
decide whether or not to implement help
The audience inhibition effect decreases in which of the following circumstances?
the perception that the situation is dangerous
When costs to help are low and the costs of not helping are high, according to the bystander intervention model, what will bystanders be most motivated to do?
intervene and help
In trying to guess someone’s intergroup status, we primarily rely on which of the following?
physical cues
When people express the notion that the world is a fair and equitable place and that people get what they deserve, what theory are they using?
just world belief
We are more likely to help those who we believe deserve help for which of the following reasons
norm of social justice
According to social psychological theories of helping, why might some blame victims for their misfortune?
they have a just world ideology
Which theory specifically states that social relationships maintain their equilibrium by keeping the exchange ratio balanced?
equity theory
What is a positive consequence of the self-esteem threat?
people develop skills so they wont need to ask for future help
Susan was resentful of her mother for helping her fill out her college applications. What helping behavior model does Susan’s attitude illustrate?
threat to self esteem model
