Textbook 1028-1031 Flashcards
Started the red scare
Korean war
What does (HUAC) stand for & what did they do?
House Committee on Un American Activities.
accusations of supposed communist agents in the federal government
Legislation that requires Federal workers to undergo background checks
Truman signs executive Loyalty Order.
Truman knew it violated civil liberties. Folded due to FBI pressure
“but I am of the opinion that the country is perfectly safe so far as communism is concerned”
–Truman
Hollywood is called a “__________” →_____ investigates:
“hotbed of communism”; HUAC
Name of 10 who refused to testify. What right did they say it violated?
What happened to them?
“Hollywood 10”
(1st amendment rights)
all cited for contempt + sent to prison + blacklisted
President of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
Whittaker Chambers
Whittaker Chambers
former soviet spy+editor
tells HUAC that Hiss sold US secrets
What did Alger Hiss sue for?
What did Chambers do to prove his case?
Hiss sued for libel. Chambers gave microfilms for evidence
Hiss denied but was convicted of lying about espionage but not tried
Klaus Fuchs
German English nuclear physicist. Arrested for spying.
Rosenbergs:
former communists. Caught b/c brother admitted to spying along w sister/brother.
“Crime of the Century” -
Hoover to Roosenberg case
Who sentenced Rosenbergs to death? what did they say?
Kaufman
“Plain deliberate murder is dwarfed compared to the crime you committed”
What did Rosenberg/Fuchs cases do for Truman? Why?
Increase Republicans’ hate for Truman. Said he wasn’t doing enough to stop communism
McCarthy
Wisconsin Republican senator. Wanted media attention
(“bare-knuckle” tactics)
Where did McCarthy make his famous speech/what did he say?
@ Women’s Republican club “State Dept. infested w/ communists”
“Red-Baiting”
McCarthy claimed he had names…
but never provided them
former sec. of state + war hero McCarthy accused of being communist
George Marshall
blacklisted from employment b/c past political associations
Democrats
Movies like _____ and ____ fuel red hysteria
“I married a communist”+ “Red under every bed”
McCarran International Security Act
passes over Truman’s veto. He says it would “put government into business of thought control”
Communist organizations must register w/ attorney general
Immigrants banned if from totalitarian parties
National emergency → communists sent to concentration camps
Cold War American government
Permanently large military.
“military-industrial complex”
Fed. gov’t + presidency grows + more secretive
“Shadowy” new government agencies
close relationship between a nation’s military, defense industry, and the government
Eisenhower warns about “military-industrial complex”
“Shadowy” new government agencies
Nat’l Security Agency (NSA)
Nat’l Security Council (NSC)
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
Red scare especially targeted _____ + encouraged conformity. Dangerous to criticize anything American
Jews
______ has lowest president approval ever (__%). Why?
Truman, 25%
The war raised taxes and people blamed Truman.
Conservative Southern Democrats (Truman’s own party) kill his _____
Fair Deal
The booming Aermican econ led to the _____ fifties
“nifty” fifties
