Text and Discourse Flashcards
Text
a finished sequence of interconnected sentences that are organized in a cohesive and coherent manner with an aim of conveying information. | the result of communicative and cognitive activity.
- arts and humanities
- mostly a single artefact
- referred to written communication
Discourse
a social event of multi-layered communication in a variety of media: verbal, textual, visual and audial, has an interactive social purpose.
- social science
- extensive communication (repeated representations or interactions)
- focus on spoken language
Phonology
a branch of linguistics that studies the SOUND SYSTEM of the lang.
Different lang-s have different numbers of phonemes or individual sounds.
Phonetics
a branch of linguistics that focuses on how the sounds are PRODUCED, and on the variations between articulations of the same sound
Dialect (and types)
a variety of a language that signals where the person comes from.
- geographical dialect
- class dialect (social background)
- occupational dialect (profession)
Accent
a way of pronouncing words that occurs among people in a particular region or country
Graphology
a study of the visual aspect of the language (closely associated with writing)
language as a semiotic system
individual elements are signs
“The science of signs” - Ferdinand de Saussure.
Semiotic systems are highly culture-bound
Semantics VS Pragmatics
Semantics
the branch of linguistics that studies MEANING
- overall meaning of the text
Types of signs
iconic sing, symbolic sign
Iconic sign
a DIRECT PICTURE of what it refers to
Symbolic sign
a picture of what we ASSOCIATE with the referent (what the sign refers to)
- pigeon as a symbol of peace
- venuse’s mirror and mars’ spike
Graphological features in text
full stops, brackets, columns, dashes, …italics, bold type, numbering system, etc.
