Tetrapod Overview Flashcards
What species are contained within the Amphibians ?
Salamanders, frogs and caecilians
What species are contained within the Amniotes ?
Mammals, Birds and reptiles
What provides support for the body in an aquatic environment ?
Water
How is pressure avoided on the skull in a terrestrial organism ?
Dissociation of the pectoral girdle from the head skeleton.
Give the adaptions the limbs have to undergo in an terrestrial organism.
Limb girdles becomes more closely attached to the vertebral column- To Support Limbs becomes larger and differentiated Limb bones and joints more robust Limb musculature Limbs that push off the ground
Give the 5 big changes required for organisms conquering land
Locomotion Body shape Respiration Sensory systems Feeding
What happened to the body shape of terrestrial organisms ?
Lose hydrodynamic fish shape
Elongation (Crocodile)
Which body part did lungs arise from ?
The swim bladder
Reliance on cutaneous respiration increased as terrestrial forms arose
True or False ?
False, it decreased
Name one group of species which still uses cutaneous respiration
Amphibians
What powered the use of ventilation as a means of respiration ?
Development of muscles around the rib cage.
Why did bone structures evolve in the ears of land conquering organisms ?
Sound travels differently in air in comparison to water, water is denser.
Bone structures were more effective at conducting in air
Give the marine sensory structure that disappeared in terrestrial forms.
Lateral Line
What feeding appendages become more elaborate on land ?
Jaws and tongues
Which method of effective aquatic feeding can no longer be used on land ?
Suction feeding.
