Tetracyclines Flashcards
Give 3 examples of tetracyclines
- Doxycycline
- Tigecycline
- Tetracycline
What is the mechanism of action of tetracyclines?
They bind to the 30s ribosomal subunit to prevent tRNA binding, which inhibits bacterial protein synthesis
Are tetracyclines broad or narrow spectrum?
Broad
What are tetracyclines effective against?
Gram +ve and -ve bacteria
What are the routes of delivery of tetracyclines?
PO
IV
What are the indications for tetracyclines?
- Acute exacerbation of COPD
- Intra-abdominal sepsis
- Acne
- Malaria
Who are tetracyclines contraindicated in?
- Children under 12
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women
Why are tetracyclines contraindicated in children under 12 and pregnant/breastfeeding women?
Because they interfere with calcium metabolism
Who should tetracyclines be avoided in?
Those with hepatic or renal impairment
What should be monitored with tetracyclines?
- WCC
- CRP
- Patient’s clinical state
Why should WCC, CRP, and the patients clinical state be monitored with tetracyclines?
To look for signs of improvement
What drugs might tetracyclines interact with?
- Warfarin
- Antacids and milk
What might happen if warfarin is given with tetracyclines?
Increased anticoagulant effect
What might happen if warfarin is given with antacids and milk?
Reduced tetracycline absorption
What are the potential side effects of tetracyclines?
- GI disturbance
- Tooth staining
- Hepatotoxicity
- Teratogenicity
- Antibiotic associated colitis
- Headache
- Visual disturbance
- Benign intracranial hypertension
- Bulging fontanelles in infants
