Glucagon Flashcards
What is glucagon?
A hormone produced by the alpha cells in the islet of Langerhans in the pancreas
What does glucagon do?
Mobilises glycogen from the liver to be converted to glucose
What are the routes of delivery of glucagon?
- IV
- IM
- SC
What are the indications for glucagon?
- Hypoglycaemia
- Beta blocker overdose
What should be done if glucagon is not effective in hypoglycaemia?
IV glucose should be administered
Is glucagon effective in chronic hypoglycaemia?
No
Why is glucagon used in beta blocker overdose?
It is a beta-2 agonist
What are the contraindications to glucagon?
Pheochromocytoma
When should glucagon be used with caution?
- Glucagonoma
- Insulinoma
- Starvation
- Adrenal insufficiency
What needs to be considered when glucagon is used to treat growth hormone secretion disorders in children?
Delayed hypoglycaemia may occur, and it is essential to ensure the child has a meal before discharge
What might glucagon interact with?
Warfarin
What might happen if glucagon is given with warfarin?
Increased anticoagulant effect
What monitoring is required when glucagon is used in hypoglycaemia?
Monitor blood glucose frequently
What monitoring is required when glucagon is used in beta blocker overdose?
Monitor patients vital signs and treat symptomatically
What are the side effects of glucagon?
- Nausea and vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Hypokalaemia
- Hypotension
