Tetanus POPS1 Flashcards
active v. passive immunity and examples
active immunity is when you give something that illicit an immune response and memory. examples are toxoid injection. passive is when you just give the patient what it needs antibody wise - rapid response and short term - give immunoglobin
primary and secondary response in terms of time/magnitiude
secondary is faster and longer acting and usually more potent
immunogenicity
it can bind to a b cell and trigger a response
toxicity
how toxic something can be…
antigenic
can bind to a B cell and may or may not produce a response
toxin
KILL! unattenuated version
toxoid
active immunity. all create an immune response / make ab / memory —- slow, long lasting lasts 5-10 years
tetanus immunoglobin
rapid, short term – passive immunity. gives ab to fight immediately. last like 3 weeks
anti serum (human)
passive immunity/aquired
anti serum (equine)
passive/ aquired
serum sickness
caused by the deposition of circulating immune complexes within the organs and tissues (walls of BV) - usually if you give equine anti toxin twice.
anaphylaxis
allergic rxn, IgE, mast cells
how to do you give inj of toxoid and ig/antitoxin?
in two separate injections in distant sites
“heterologous”
made in different species
“homologous”
made in same species
anti sera is _____ and ____ immunity
passive/aquired and antibody mediated
toxoid is ____ and ____ immunity
active/aquired and antibody mediated
all firefighters have had…
tetanus toxiod. don’t give IG but maybe give booster
what about baby and tetanus?
you have to give human Ig because the baby still has mom’s IgG - and won’t be able to make their own ab for a long time
boosters kick in adequately in ______ (time)
3-5 days
previous tetanus is unlike other infectious diseases in that —
it won’t stimulate the immune system
active immunization after exposure to an infectious disease should be done (v. passive) IF…
the incubation period of the dieases exceeds the time that is required to produce immunity. (so if the disease doesn’t kick in and you have time to produce active immunity - then do that… if not - and it kicks in fast and no time for active response then give Ig)
toxoid is an effector inducer of active immunity when….
it is NOT toxic but it is the attenuated version which is immunogenic and antigenic
