Testis (so far based on Dave's notes only)

Question 1

What covers the oval testis? Where is the epididymis located?

Answer 1

Tunical albuginea. Epididymis located on posterolateral surface.

Question 2

Describe the origin and location of the Vas

Answer 2

The vas is a direct continuation of the epididymis and lies medial, with anterior and lateral parts lying free in the tunica vaginalis

Question 3

The testes, …………., and tunical vaginalis lie in the ………. surrounded by layers of the ……….., with right and left separated

Answer 3

1. Epididymis
2. Scrotum
3. Cord

Question 4

What is the blood supply of the testis and what is its course?

Answer 4

Testicular artery: direct from aorta, gives a branch to the epididymis, then reaches the back of the testis which ????sweep around horizontally with the tunica albuginea

Question 5

Describe the venous drainage of the testes

Answer 5

Pampiniform plexus acts as a counter-current heat exchange. Combine to one vein which on the left drains to the left renal vein, and direct to IVC on the right.

Question 6

Describe the parasympathetic supply to the testes

Answer 6

There is no parasympathetic supply to the testes

Question 7

Describe the nerve supply of the testes

Answer 7

Supplied by sympathetic nerves from T10. ?Course is splanchnic -> coeliac ->testicular artery. Sensory fibres share the return pathway.

Question 8

Where are lymph capillaries found in the testes?

Answer 8

Between the seminiferous tubules

Question 9

Where does testicular lymph drain to?

Answer 9

TESTICULAR lymph runs back with the testicular artery to para-aortic nodes.
SCROTAL lymph drains to the inguinal nodes

Question 10

…….. radiate from the ………………….. testes dividing the tested into about 400 …………., each containing 2-4 ……………. ………. 60cm long.

Answer 10

Septa, mediastinum, lobules, seminiferous tubules

Question 11

What do seminiferous tubules empty into?

Answer 11

The seminiferous tubules empty into the rete testis

Question 12

What to the rete testis pass into?

Answer 12

The rete testis pass into the vasa efferentia (15-20)

Question 13

What do the vasa efferentia pass into?

Answer 13

The vasa efferentia pass into the epididymis

Question 14

What are the supporting cells and what do they do?

Answer 14

The sustentacular are supporting cells which secrete androgen binding protein to ??sustain an elevated level of testosterone

Question 15

What are the functional cells and what do they do?

Answer 15

Interstitial cells of Leydig are the functional cells. These secrete testosterone and are scattered throughout.

Question 16

Where are the testes at the end of the fourth month of development?

Answer 16

The deep inguinal ring

Question 17

Where are the testes at the seventh month of development?

Answer 17

In the deep inguinal ring, then rapidly progresses into the scrotum

Question 18

What precedes the testes descent?

Answer 18

The processus vaginalis and the gubernaculum

Question 19

What gives rise to an indirect hernia?

Answer 19

Failure of obliteration of the whole processes vaginalis

Question 20

What does partial persistence of the processes vaginalis lead to?

Answer 20

Hydrocele of the cord

Question 21

The epididymis is a …….. structure, …m long, tightly …., with a large …… and small ……, with a small …….. between it and the testis. The ductus deferens is a direct …………….. and passes up ……….. .

Answer 21

Firm, 7m, coiled, head, tail, sinus

Continuation, medially.

Question 22

What is the role of the epididymis?

Answer 22

Organ of storage and maturation of spermatazoa

Question 23

What is the blood supply of the epididymis?

Answer 23

A branch of the testicular artery

Question 24

How do you recognise the epididymis and ductus deference histologically?

Answer 24

Epididymis - multiple cuts

Ductus deferens - thick wall, narrow lumen, three layers

Question 25

What is the nerve supply of the epididymis and ductus deferens?

Answer 25

Sympathetic fibres

Question 26

What does the ductus deferens arise from

Answer 26

The mesonephric duct