Testing and Individual Differences Flashcards
Standardized
Test items have been piloted on a similar population of people as those who are meant to take the test and that achievement norms have been established
Reliability
Refers to the repeatability or consistency of a test as a means of measurement
Split-half reliability
Involves randomly dividing a test into two different sections and then correlation people’s performance on the two halves
Test-retest reliability
Refers to the correlation between a person’s score on one administration of the test with the same person’s score on a subsequent administration of the test
Validity
The accuracy of a test
Predictive validity
Measure of future performance
Construct validity
Most meaningful kind of validity
Aptitude tests
Measure ability or potential
Achievement tests
Measure what one has learned or accomplished
Intelligence
Defined as the ability to gather and use information in productive ways
Fluid intelligence
Our ability to solve abstract problems and pick up new information and skills
Crystallized intelligence
Using knowledge accumulated over time
Mental age
An idea that presupposes that intelligence increases as one gets older
Stanford-Binet IQ
Intelligence quotient test computed by dividing the person’s mental age by his or her chronological age and multiplying by 100
Chronological age
A person’s actual age
Heritability
Measure of how much of a trait’s variation is explained by genetic factors
Flynn effect
Performance on intelligence tests has been increasing steadily throughout the century
