Testing Flashcards
What is Software Testing?
The process of exercising a program with the specific intent of finding errors prior to delivery to the end user.
What does testing show?
Errors, requirements conformance, performance, and an indication of quality.
What are the limitations of testing?
Testing alone cannot ensure quality; it can only provide a certain level of assurance under specific controlled conditions.
Who is responsible for unit/component testing?
Developers.
What is the role of the Independent Test Group (ITG)?
Removes conflict of interest; attempts to break the system and is driven by quality concerns.
What is the general approach to testing?
Testing progresses from ‘testing-in-the-small’ to ‘testing-in-the-large’.
What are the four steps of the Conventional Testing Strategy?
- Unit Testing
- Integration Testing
- Validation Testing
- System Testing
What are common stopping factors for testing?
- Deadlines
- Test cases completed with certain percentage passed
- Test budget depleted
- Coverage reaches specified point
- Bug rate falls below certain level
- Alpha/beta testing period ends
What does the mathematical model f(t) = (1/p) ln [l0 pt + 1] help determine?
Expected failures.
What is Unit Testing?
Testing individual modules or components in isolation.
What is Component Testing also known as?
Module or Program Testing.
What is a Driver in testing?
A ‘main program’ that accepts test case data, passes it to the component, and prints results.
What is a Stub in testing?
A ‘dummy subprogram’ that replaces modules subordinate to the one being tested.
What is the Big Bang Approach in Integration Testing?
Integrating all components at once.
What is Incremental Construction in Integration Testing?
Gradually integrating components.
What does Top-Down Integration involve?
Main control module used as test driver with stubs for subordinate components.
What is Bottom-Up Integration?
Low-level components combined into clusters that perform specific functions.
What is Regression Testing?
Re-executing previously conducted tests to ensure changes haven’t introduced side effects.
What is Smoke Testing?
Daily testing to uncover ‘show-stopper’ errors early.
What does White Box Testing examine?
Internal program structure and logic.
Has access to source code and internal workings
Includes: Basis Path Testing
Condition Testing
Loop Testing
What is Black Box Testing focused on?
Functional requirements without knowledge of internal code.
Includes: Equivalence Partitioning
Boundary Value Analysis
What is Equivalence Partitioning?
Divides input domain into classes where test cases in the same class are expected to be treated similarly.
What does Boundary Value Analysis test?
Values at the extreme ends of input domains where errors are more likely.
What are the characteristics of Testable Software?
- Operability
- Observability
- Controllability
- Decomposability
- Simplicity
- Stability
- Understandability
