Testicular Cancer

Question 1

What are the majority of the testicular cancers

Answer 1

Germ cell tumours

Rxfx - klinefelters and crypto-orchidism

Question 2

What are germ cell tumors split into

Answer 2

Seminoma and non-seminoma ( non-seminomatous germ cell tumours )

Question 3

How do testicular cancers present

Answer 3

Hard Lump

Mass inseparable from the testis

Question 4

How do we diagnose testicular tumours

Answer 4

USS

CT CAP FOR STAGING

Question 5

What are the different testicular tumor markers

Answer 5

AFP - raised only in NSGCT ( also HCC) most common type = yolk sac. Schiller Duval bodies occur too

Beta HCG ( raised in NSGCT but also sometimes in seminomas )

LDH ( more marker of tumour bulk )

Question 6

What is the treatment for testicular cancer

Answer 6

Inguinal orchidectomy ( sperm banking to under 55 )

Chemo mets disease

Question 7

What are the lymph nodes that the testes drain into

Answer 7

Para-Aoritc - they are retroperitoneal and we biopsy these to see if pts need chemo

Question 8

what is the prognosis of testicular cancer

Answer 8

Very high survival rate 98% will have 5 year survival even with metastatic disease