Testicular Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common pathological type of testicular cancer?

A

Germ cell tumour

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2
Q

When is the peak incidence of testicular cancer?

A

3rd decade

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3
Q

What are the risk factors for testicular cancer?

A
Caucasian 
Testicular maldescent 
Infertility
Atrophic testes
Previous cancer in contralateral testes
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4
Q

What is the presentation of testicular cancer?

A

Painless lump

Less often:

  • tender inflammed swelling
  • history of trauma
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5
Q

What are the tumour markers for testicular cancer?

A

AFP
Eta HCG
LDH

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6
Q

What tumour marker is specific for seminomas?

A

Beta HCG

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7
Q

How is testicular cancer diagnosed?

A

Examination- lump in testes is treated as testicular tumour until proven otherwise

MSSU
Testicular USS and Xray
Tumour markers
(Dont do biopsy

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8
Q

What is the treatment for local non-invasive testicular cancer?

A

Surgery - orchidectomy
Followed by active surveillence
+/- adjuvant radiotherapy+/-
prophylactic chemotherapy

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9
Q

What si the treatment for locally invasive testicular cancer?

A

Surgery - orchidectomy

Combination of chemotherapy or node dissection

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10
Q

What is the treatment for metastatic testicular cancer?

A

No surgery

Treatment = chemotherapy

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11
Q

What staging crieteria is used for testicular cancer?

A

TNM

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12
Q

What is the prognosis for stage 1, 2/3, 4/5 testicular cancer?

A

1 - 5yr survival 99%
2/3 - 5 yr survival 96%
4/5 - 5 yr survival 73%

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13
Q

what tumours marker would indicate a non-seminomatous testicular tumour ?

A

AFP - specific for teratomas which are a non-seminomatous germ cell tumour

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14
Q

what tumour maker would indicate a seminomatous tumour?

A

Beta HCG - specific for seminoma testicular tumours

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15
Q

what are the differential diagnoses of a testicular lump?

A
testicular tumour
hydrocele
varicocele
spermatocele 
epididymitis 
orchitis 
indirect inguinal hernia
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