Testicular cancer

Question 1

what is the most common presentation of testicular cancer?

Answer 1

PAINLESS lump (sometimes swollen, hard to touch, pain in lump or abdomen is rare).

Question 2

What is the most common age to get testicular cancer?

Answer 2

3rd decade (30-34)
most common in 15-35 yrs.

Question 3

How much of cancer is germ cell and non germ cell?

Answer 3

Germ cell - 95%

Non-germ cell - 5%

Question 4

what are the risk factors?

Answer 4

Caucasians, young males, undescended testes, infertility, family history, increased height.

Question 5

what is the gold standard diagnostic procedure?

Answer 5

Testicular Ultrasound.
followed by CT, MRI - for metastasis.
tumour marker tests

Question 6

what test should never be carried out?

Answer 6

Biopsy

Question 7

where is the most common sites of metastasis?

Answer 7

LUNGS (most common)

then - liver, brain, lymph

Question 8

what is the first line treatment?

Answer 8

Orchidectomy - removal of testes

- can be followed by radiotherapy or chemotherapy

Question 9

which hormones might be raised?

Answer 9

hGC, alfa feto protein, lactate dehydrogenase.