Testes and scrotum Flashcards
ipsilateral contraction of scrotum when inner thigh is stroked?
cremasteric reflex
where do the majority of torsions occur?
within the tunica vaginalis
Sudden onset of severe testicular pain, that can wake a patient up from sleep an make walking difficult
testicular torsion
where can you get pain?
testicle, groin, lower abdomen
how would testicle be lying in testicular torsion ?
lying high in the scrotum on a horizontal plane
what is untwisting and bilateral fixation called?
orchidoplexy
what is orchidectomy ?
removal of testicle
if the testicle is necrotic, what is done?
removal of necrotic testicle and fixing of the other one
how does torsion of the testicular appendage present?
slower onset of symptoms, visible blue dot on testes, presence of creamsteric reflex
what is the mangement of torsion of the test appendage?
nil - majority will resolve spontaneously
swollen red testicle with itch and mild pain?
idiopathic scrotal oedema
what is typical age for idiopathic scrotal oedema
under 19
causative organisms of epididymo orchitis ?
chlamydia, gonorrhoea, e-coli and mumps
what infections can eo be caused by?
UTI and STI
investigations for epididymo orchitis?
1st pass urine (PCR for chlamydia and gonorrhoea)
MSSU: dipstick and culture
STI more likely for EO in which patient group?
less than 35 with new sexual partner
treatment if under 35 and new sexual parnter?
doxycycline + 500mg IM ceftriaxone if gonorrhoea confirmed
in EO, if UTI is more likely (i.e. over 35 and no new sexual partner) - treatment ?
ofloxacin or ciprofloxacin
why is variocele common on the left hand side?
testiular vein joins the renal vein at 90 degrees
investigation of variocele?
doppler US
main complication of variocele?
reduced fertility, with surgery not improving pregnancy outcomes
where does fluid normally accumulate relative to the testicle in a hydrocele?
anterior and inferior
