test2

Question 1

normal sodium

Answer 1

135-145

Question 2

potassium

Answer 2

3.5-5.1

Question 3

chloride

Answer 3

95-105

Question 4

bicarb ABGas

Answer 4

22-26

Question 5

pCO2

Answer 5

35-45

Question 6

pO2

Answer 6

80-100

Question 7

BUN

Answer 7

5-25

Question 8

serum osmolality

Answer 8

280-300

Question 9

Hypotonic IV solutions

Answer 9

pull water of blood and into cells. used in dehydration to rehydrate cells or restore renal function. 0.45% (1/2 NS) and 1/4NS- free h2o. monitor loa (cerebral edema) and circulation (loss in blood vol). not for brain injury or risk for 3rd shift
saline with dextrose and free h2o for maintenance of fluids D5 1/2 or 1/4

Question 10

Hypertonic IV solutions

Answer 10

3 or 5% saline. pulls water from cells into vessels. very careful/controlled/ limited avoid vascular overload and cellular dehydration. USE WHEN SERUM SODIUM CRITICALLY LOW (

Question 11

hypertonic IV- monitor frequently

Answer 11

neuro status (cell dehydration), lung sounds, V/s, serum sodium and urine output. not for kidney or heart disease.

Question 12

SIADH

Answer 12

increase ADH (reabsorbs water alone) usually brain cancer, head injury. or malingnancies, CNS or Pulmonary disorders, meds or post-op.
plasma osmolarity and na low
hyponatremia and hypervolemia
restrict fluids, demeclocycline if needed (blocks ADH) or loop diuretics, high salt& protein, find and correct underlying cause

Question 13

hyponatremia sxs and to do

Answer 13

water moves from blood (low solute/Na) to cells. swelling cells causes confusion, hypotension, edema, muscle cramps, weakness and dry skin. if due to loss of NA-replace with appropriate fluids, if due to gain of H2O- diuretic. Monitor I&O and urine spec. gravity