Test Week 7

Question 0

Wood - Tissue

Answer 0

Sinews

Question 1

Wood - Sense Orifice

Answer 1

Eyes

Question 2

Wood - Bloom

Answer 2

Nails

Question 3

Wood - Emotion

Answer 3

Anger

Question 4

Wood - Sound

Answer 4

Shouting

Question 5

Wood - Spirit

Answer 5

Ethereal Soul

Question 6

Functions of Qì

Answer 6

• Activity
• Transformation • Transportation • Containment
• Raising
• Defense • Warming

Question 7

______________________: [正氣 zhèng qì] the sum of all healthy qì and other health-promoting substances in the body: ‘antipathogenic factor.’

Answer 7

Right qì (or righteous or upright qì)

Question 8

____________________: Qì, mostly from the weather, that can cause disease: ‘pathogenic
factors.’ Evils can also arise internally.

Answer 8

Evil qì [邪氣 xié qì]

Question 9

When yīn and yáng are level, this is ___________. When yīn and yáng are skewed, this is __________. Wú Qiān et.al. (Qīng dynasty)

Answer 9

right qì, evil qì

Question 10

___________________: [原氣 yuán qì] It is transformed from jīng essence, associated with kidneys or life gate (命門 mìng mén). It is before-heaven qì. Its functions are:
• The basis of all physiological activity, activating the functions of all the organs
• Facilitates transformation of qì and blood (Example: gathering qì to true qì).
• Distributed by the triple burner to the whole body.
• Available to influence at the 原穴 source points

Answer 10

Source (or original) qì

Question 11

____________: [中氣 zhōng qì] spleen-stomach qì, digestive qì. Also the spleen function of raising clear qì and the stomach function of descending turbid qì. The spleen-stomach are considered the middle (________) burner, so their qì is __________ qì. Context: ability to digest and make qì, raise qì.

Answer 11

Center qì, central, central

Question 12

The next two are the raw materials for the body, post-heaven qì:
• ______________: [穀氣 gǔ qì] Food enters stomach and its qì is extracted from it by the
spleen. This qì is not yet usable by the body (like crude oil, still needs refining). It is sent up
to chest to help form gathering qì and to the heart to help form blood.
• ________________: [大氣 dà qì] The qì from air, taken into the lungs, which helps to form
gathering qì.

Answer 12

Grain (or food) qì, Great (or air) qì

Question 13

________________________: [宗氣 zōng qì] a combination of grain qì and great qì. It gathers in the chest. It is the ancestor of true qì. It:
• gathers in the chest and nourishes the heart and lungs
• helps the lungs govern qì, control respiration, speech, and the strength of the voice
• helps the heart govern the blood, vessels, pulse and promote circulation to the extremities

Answer 13

Gathering (or ancestral) qì

Question 14

_____________: [真氣 zhēn qì] gathering qì is transformed by source qì into true qì, which is what most of the body uses in the channels and organs. Context: the manufacture of qì. There are two types: Construction (or nutritive) qì, Defense (or protective) qì

Answer 14

True qì

Question 15

________________: [營氣 yíng qì] nourishes the organs, and the whole body. o Construction is located within the channels and vessels. It forms blood and flows with the blood. It is yīn and refined compared to defense qì. It is what we work with in acupuncture.

Answer 15

Construction (or nutritive) qì

Question 16

___________________: [衛氣 wèi qì] coarser, more yáng, slippery, and aggressive.
o Defense is located outside the channels and vessels.
o Defense protects against external evils. It opens and closes the interstices (腠理 còu
lǐ: usually translated as pores) and controls sweating. It is dispersed to the surface of
the body by the lungs.
o Defense qì warms the surface of the body.
o Defense ‘moves in the yáng’ during the daytime: It flows in the skin and flesh with
body fluids. At night, it ‘moves in the yīn:’ It goes into the organs, leaving us more
vulnerable to external attack.

Answer 16

Defense (or protective) qì

Question 17

_____________ is like the army troops guarding the borders of a country.

Answer 17

Defense

Question 18

_____________ is like the support personnel who feed and supply the troops.

Answer 18

Construction

Question 19

The floating qì that does not follow the channels is __________. The essence qì that moves in the channels is ___________.

Answer 19

defense qì, construction qì

Question 20

________________: [經絡氣] Qì as it flows in the channels. Example: Qì of the heart channel.

Answer 20

Channel qì

Question 21

____________: [臟腑氣] Qì as it is used by each organ. Example: spleen qì, kidney qì.

Answer 21

Organ qì

Question 22

Qì Mechanism 氣機 qì jī: The activity, particularly the movement, of qì. PDOCM Movement of qì:

Question 23

Qì Pathology - Qì vacuity (deficiency):

Answer 23

[qì xū 氣虛] insufficiency of qì in any organ

Question 24

Qì falling:

Answer 24

[qì xiàn 氣陷] spleen or center qì falling

Question 25

Qì stagnation:

Answer 25

[qì zhì 氣滯] decrease in the normal movement of qì due to the obstructive
effect of excessive emotions, external injury, evil qì, static blood, or qì vacuity. Distention, fullness or pain is the result.

Question 26

Qì constraint (depression or stagnation):

Answer 26

[qì yù 氣郁] binding depression of liver qì, due to emotional causes.

Question 27

Qì counterflow (rebellion):

Answer 27

[qì nì 氣逆] Improperly ascending qì of the liver, lungs or stomach.

Question 28

Blood:

Answer 28

part of yīn, a very dense form of qì.

Question 29

Blood Manufacture:

Answer 29

Same way as qì, except gathering qì and fluids are transformed to blood
around the heart.
o Also kidney → essence → marrow → bone marrow → blood. Some say this is
menstrual blood.

Question 30

Blood Functions

Answer 30

o Nourishes the body (primary function)
o Moistens. Example: blood moistens the eyes, sinews, skin, and hair.
o The material foundation for spirit. Heart blood houses, nourishes, and anchors the
spirit (managing emotions, consciousness, and sleep). It also anchors the ethereal
soul (hún) and qì.
o Nèi Jīng: If the liver is supplied with blood, we can see. If the feet are supplied with
blood, we can walk. If the hands are supplied with blood, we can grasp.

Question 31

Blood Relationships:

Answer 31

o Heart: governs the blood and vessels, blood is made around the heart.
o Spleen: helps produce blood, spleen qì holds blood in the vessels.
o Liver: stores blood during rest (in activity, blood goes to the flesh), menstruation
(liver supplies blood to the uterus). Liver blood nourishes the eyes, sinews, and nails. o Qì and Blood: both are qì, but blood is more material and dense. Inseparable, in the
channels and vessels.

Question 32

Blood Pathology - Blood vacuity

Answer 32

(血虛 xuè xū): insufficiency of blood.

Question 33

Blood Pathology - Blood dryness

Answer 33

(血燥 xuè zào): blood vacuity manifesting in signs of dryness

Question 34

Blood Pathology - Blood stasis

Answer 34

(血瘀 xuè yū): impairment or cessation of the normal free flow of blood.

Question 35

Blood Pathology - Blood heat

Answer 35

(血熱 xuè rè): a condition characterized by heat and blood signs, mostly
occurring in externally contracted heat (febrile) diseases, though possible in diseases due to
lifestyle.

Question 36

Blood Pathology - Blood cold

Answer 36

(血寒 xuè hán): cold congeals, inhibiting movement of blood, causing stasis.

Question 37

Purpose of body fluids.

Answer 37

津 jīn: liquids. Thinner. Moistens and nourishes the skin, muscles, sweat, tears, saliva, mucus. 液 yè: humor. Thicker. Moistens and nourishes the brain, marrow, joints, sense orifices.
Functions: Moistening (primary) and nourishing (secondary).

Question 38

Drinks enter into the stomach. Their essence qì roves and spills out and is transported upward by the spleen. Spleen qì disperses the essence, and returns it up to the lungs, which regulate the waterways and keep them flowing freely. They transport it down to the urinary bladder.

Answer 38

Drinks enter into the stomach. Their essence qì roves and spills out and is transported upward by the spleen. Spleen qì disperses the essence, and returns it up to the lungs, which regulate the waterways and keep them flowing freely. They transport it down to the urinary bladder.

Question 39

1. The stomach is the source of fluids, the sea of water and grains.
2. The spleen upbears the clear fluids, sending them towards the lungs. It is also in charge of transportation and transformation of fluids. The stomach allows the turbid fluids to pass downward.
3. The lungs are the upper source of water. They disperse clear fluids outward to the skin and flesh. They descend the turbid fluids toward the kidneys and urinary bladder.
4. The turbid of the stomach is passed on to the small intestine. The small intestine separates the clear from the turbid. The clear of the small intestine goes to the urinary bladder to become urine. The turbid goes to the large intestine to become stool.
5. The urinary bladder excretes the turbid as urine. The large intestine excretes the turbid as stool. A small amount of clear is reabsorbed and recycled into the body from these two organs.
6. Kidney yáng gives the needed fire to the three burners, spleen, small intestine, urinary bladder, and large intestine. Without this heat and movement, fluids would stagnate and grow cold.

Answer 39

That’s it!

Question 40

Relationships

• Fluids and qì:

Answer 40

o Qì transforms and transports fluids, holds body fluids in, produces body fluids. o Body fluids nourish and anchor qì.

Question 41

Fluids and blood:

Answer 41

both are yīn; they nourish each other

Question 42

Fluid Pathology:

Answer 42

• Damage to fluids (津液損傷 jīn yè sǔn shāng): reduction of fluids by the heat or fire, as a result of enduring illness, excessive loss of blood, excessive urination, or overuse of herbs that promote urination or sweating.
• Fluid accumulation: edema, phlegm, rheum