Quiz Week 8

Question 0

The great summation in treating disease is that one must first clarify ____________. In a tree,
the _______ are connected to the _________. The _______ are mostly underground and invisible. The __________ are above the ground and visible.

Answer 0

branch and root, roots, branches, roots, branches

Question 1

While there are many ways to look at root and branch in medicine, the most simple and appropriate way for this class is to say that in illness:

Answer 1

• The root is the strength of right qì and the branch is an invasion of evil qì.
• The root is the cause or pattern and the branches are the symptoms.
• The earlier disease is the root. Later progression is the branch.
• The root is a chronic disease and the branch is an acute disease.

Question 2

In general, the root must be treated in order for the patient to recover. However, the guidelines
are different in different types of situations. The rules for treatment are as follows:

Answer 2

• In acute disorders, treat the branch. For example, stop bleeding first (branch), then find out why and treat the cause (root) after the situation is under control.
• For chronic disorders, treat the root. For example, if the patient has a backache (branch) due to kidney vacuity (root), just supplementing the kidney (root) will cure the backache (branch). This is appropriate if the clinical manifestations are not too severe.

Question 3

In disease, there is root and branch. When _____, treat the branch. When ______, treat the root. The method is divided into attacking and supplementation. Use supplementation for vacuity and use attacking for repletion. Gōng Xìn (Míng dynasty)

Answer 3

acute, chronic

Question 4

jí:

Answer 4

fast, rapid, tense, violent, urgent, emergency, impatient. So it is often translated as acute.

Question 5

huǎn:

Answer 5

slow, unhurried, relaxed. So it is often translated as chronic.

Question 6

In most cases, the root and branch are treated simultaneously, but one or the other will be emphasized according to the above rules. For example, if a patient with vacuity (chronic, root) receives a wind attack (acute, repletion, branch), you may treat both conditions in one formula.

Answer 6

o If the vacuity is extreme, it is more important to supplement the patient.
o If the vacuity is mild, but the wind attack is severe, than the formula should focus
more on expelling the evil.

Question 7

In trauma, the ____________ may be the same: stagnation of qì and stasis of blood are both the essential nature, and the symptom, pain, is nothing other than stagnation of qì and stasis of blood.

Answer 7

root and branch

Question 8

Pathogenesis: Three types of pathological processes:

Answer 8

Disharmony of yīn and yáng
Conflict between right qì and evil qì
Abnormal descending and ascending of qì

Question 9

What are the Principles of Treatment?

Answer 9

Regulating yin and yang
Supporting the right and dispelling evil
Treat according to the person, the season, the place
Straight versus paradoxical treatment (discussed under Eight Principles, later)

Question 10

Disharmony of yīn and yáng: pathological changes involving repletion or vacuity of yīn and yáng.

Answer 10

It frequently manifests as heat or cold. In the absence of an evil, treatment focuses on supplementation.

Question 11

_________is from yáng repletion or yīn vacuity.

Answer 11

Heat

Question 12

_______ is from yīn repletion or yáng vacuity.

Answer 12

Cold

Question 13

In addition to heat and cold, _______________ can also manifest as disharmony between the viscera and bowels, qì and blood, construction and defense, exterior and interior, ascending and descending.

Answer 13

disharmony of yīn and yáng

Question 14

In internally caused disease or disease caused by the not-internal not-external factors,
imbalance of yīn and yáng within the body is predominant.

Answer 14

In internally caused disease or disease caused by the not-internal not-external factors,
imbalance of yīn and yáng within the body is predominant.

Question 15

Supplement vacuity:

Answer 15

an uncomplicated vacuity of yīn or yáng requires supplementation alone.

Question 16

Reduce repletion:

Answer 16

A repletion of yīn or yáng means that an evil is present. Repletion alone receives draining treatment.

Question 17

A surplus of yīn damages yáng and vice versa.

Answer 17

If repletion of yīn or yáng causes vacuity of

the opposite, then draining and supplementation are both needed.

Question 18

When yáng has expired but yīn is supplemented or yīn has expired but yáng is supplemented:

Answer 18

this is called replenishing repletion or evacuating vacuity. It is decreasing the insufficient and increasing the superabundant.

Question 19

Right qì

strong
↓

weak
↓

No external invasion

Evil (wind, cold, fire, damp, dryness, summer-heat) invades (must be a repletion)

Right qì wins
↓
Right qì and evils struggle without victory
recovery
↓
Evil goes deeper
↓

May need to repair right qì
Recovery
if right qì eventually wins ↓
Disease becomes chronic

Need to repair right qì

Answer 19

Ok

Question 20

Conflict between right qì (yáng, life) and evil qì (yīn, death):

Answer 20

Right qì is the sum of all the healthy qì and substances in the body that can resist disease. It includes the various physiologic activities of the body, the natural flux of yīn and yáng, production of qì and blood, and the flow of construction and defense. Evil qì opposes right qì, and refers to the various causative factors of disease.

Question 21

If evil qì invades, it meets the opposition of the right qì, and there is a struggle. This has significance in onset, progression, and transformation of disease.

Answer 21

The struggle destroys the yīn - yáng balance and causes disturbances in the functioning of the body, leading to pathological changes.

Question 22

If _______ qì invades, it must be repletion.

If _______ qì is insufficient, there is also vacuity.

Answer 22

evil, right

Question 23

For most diseases to occur, there must first be an imbalance within the body.

Answer 23

In almost all cases, an evil cannot invade unless there is already an underlying insufficiency of right qì. Therefore, the right qì is the root and the evil qì is the branch. If an insufficiency of right qì leads to an invasion of evil, this is a combined repletion - vacuity condition.

Question 24

In externally caused disease, the struggle is always between the evil and the right qì.

Answer 24

Wind, cold, dampness, heat, dryness, or summerheat evils attempt to invade. The
evils are met by defense qì when they reach the defensive exterior. A battle occurs.
Some symptoms are due to this battle: aversion to cold, fever, shivering, sweating.

Question 25

If the right qì is stronger, eventually it wins and the patient recovers.

Answer 25

If the evil is stronger, right qì cannot win, the patient becomes sicker, and may even die.

Question 26

If an externally contracted disease is not resolved (neither the evil nor the right qì wins), the disease will go deeper inside and may become chronic.

Answer 26

Or the disease may be eliminated, but yīn and yáng, qì and blood may be damaged and need significant time and care for recovery.

Question 27

You must diagnosis the relative strength of the evil and the right qì, or if there is any evil at all. Treatment should mobilize the right qì to defeat the evil. If the right qì is strengthened, the evil will be expelled. If the evil is expelled, the right qì can recover its strength. Both help each other.

Answer 27

• If the right qì is strong, evils cannot strike. When there are evils, right qì is usually weakened. If evil qì is exuberant, right qì becomes depleted. When right qì suffers damage, evil qì can spread. If you do not have enough right qì to recover, evils will not recede. If right qì is not exhausted, you have a chance to recover.

Question 28

Whenever treating disease, you must first secure ___________.

Answer 28

right qì

Question 29

When you supplement the ______, _______ are spontaneously eliminated.

Answer 29

right, evils

Question 30

When ________ is eliminated, the right is secure. Eliminating _______ is what is called supplementing the right.

Answer 30

evil

Question 31

When a body that has vacuity contracts an evil, you must eliminate the evil. As soon as you eliminate the evil, you can supplement the right. Otherwise, if you supplement the right when there is a lingering evil, the supplementation will go into the evil. When the evil obtains supplementation, there is more repletion and the right becomes more vacuous.

Answer 31

When a body that has vacuity contracts an evil, you must eliminate the evil. As soon as you eliminate the evil, you can supplement the right. Otherwise, if you supplement the right when there is a lingering evil, the supplementation will go into the evil. When the evil obtains supplementation, there is more repletion and the right becomes more vacuous.

Question 32

supplementation:

Answer 32

for vacuity. Invigorates resistance, strengthens whatever is weak, restores function or substance. 補 bǔ means to mend or repair, as in patching clothes. Can supplement yīn, yáng, qì, blood, or any of the organs (especially spleen and kidney). Can use acupuncture, moxibustion, herbs, diet, qìgōng, meditation and/or rest.

Question 33

draining:

Answer 33

an offensive method for repletion. Attacking the evil. Eliminates evils, reduces, expels, transforms or scatters evils or accumulations. 瀉 xiè means to pour out, or drain, like the dirty water in a bathtub. To use draining alone, the right qì of the patient must be strong. If the right qì is weak, draining must be combined with supplementation. Can use acupuncture, bleeding, herbs, cupping, etc.

Question 34

In situations with mixed vacuity and repletion:

Answer 34

o Most often, drain the evil first or strongest.
o When the evil is resolved, strengthen the body.
o When there is evil qì, supplementation can strengthen the evil.
o Only if the patient is too weak to receive draining treatment, should supplementation
be primary.

Question 35

In a well-designed treatment, you can:

Question 36

Treatment when evil invades and the patient does not have vacuity: drain or attack

Answer 36

You can support the right, but only to enhance the attack or protect the interior. Only when the evil is resolved, can supplementation become the primary approach.

Question 37

Treat internal damage like a __________. Treat external evils like a _________.

Answer 37

minister, general

Question 38

Abnormal descending and ascending of qì:

Answer 38

This also includes qì entering and exiting (moving inward and outward). In disease, qì may not follow its usual direction of movement. For example, in illness, lung qì may not descend, causing cough. Spleen qì may not ascend, causing diarrhea.

Question 39

The functional relationships between organs, channels, substances, yīn and yáng are maintained by _____________.

Answer 39

ascending, descending, entering, and exiting of qì (the qì mechanism).

Question 40

Abnormal descending and ascending of qì: In this, spleen and stomach are most important:

Answer 40

they are central so they are the pivot of the body. They also provide the material basis for the post-heaven nourishment.

Question 41

The same disease has different treatments. Different diseases have the same treatment.

Answer 41

The same disease has different treatments. Different diseases have the same treatment.

Question 42

Treat according to the season and weather:

Answer 42

In the summer, you are likely to use less moxibustion and fewer warming herbs. Also the qì flows differently through the seasons, for example, in the summer it flows more superficially. Diet and lifestyle should vary with climate and season.

Question 43

Treat according to the place:

Answer 43

here in L.A., there is less cold and dampness, and more dryness and heat.

Question 44

Treat according to the individual (age, sex, constitution):

Answer 44

Herb formulas and point formulas can be adjusted for the condition of the patient. This gives better results than using an unmodified formula.

Question 45

Pattern Identification (辨証 biàn zhèng): identification of disease patterns.

Answer 45

Pattern identification is the process by which information gathered through the four examinations (looking, feeling, asking, listening and smelling) is classified into different patterns.

Question 46

Disease is

Answer 46

a very specific set of signs and symptoms. A disease is a morbid condition that is characterized by a similar set of symptoms and a similar course in all that it affects. Disease: measles, common cold, etc.

Question 47

Symptom:

Answer 47

something the patient reports: feeling of heat, thirst, impotence, etc.

Question 48

Sign:

Answer 48

something the doctor can observe: pulse, complexion, tongue, etc.

Question 49

A pattern

Answer 49

describes the underlying mechanism causing this set of signs and symptoms. One
‘disease’ may have many patterns at different stages of its development. A pattern is a configuration of signs and symptoms. The signs and symptoms are examined as a unity, not one by one. Examples: exterior wind-heat invasion, spleen qì vacuity, etc. The nature and location of an illness can be established through pattern identification.

Question 50

Many important signs or symptoms in Chinese medicine are considered

Answer 50

‘sub-clinical’ in Western medicine. Example: feeling of heaviness, emotional frustration, likes hot drinks, etc.

Question 51

Examples of types of pattern identification include:

Answer 51

o eight-principle pattern identification
o disease-evil pattern identification
o qì-blood pattern identification
o channelpatternidentification
o organ pattern identification
o six-channelpatternidentification o four-aspect pattern identification

Question 52

The main thing in Chinese medical pattern identification is to base it on signs and symptoms, combining the four examinations.

Answer 52

The main thing in Chinese medical pattern identification is to base it on signs and symptoms, combining the four examinations.

Question 53

The same disease has different treatments.

Answer 53

Different diseases have the same treatment.

Question 54

Examples of different diseases having the same treatment:

Answer 54

diarrhea, prolapse, fatigue, or wasting muscles may all be due to spleen qì vacuity. Each would have a similar treatment.

Question 55

Examples of the same disease having different treatments:

Answer 55

diarrhea may be due to spleen qì vacuity, spleen yáng vacuity, spleen and kidney yáng vacuity, liver attacking the spleen, damp heat in the intestines, cold damp in the intestines, etc. Each would have different treatment.