Test Two Material

Question 1

Normalization

Answer 1

a process for evaluating and correcting table structures to minimize data redundancies, thereby reducing the likelihood
of data anomalies.

Question 2

a process for evaluating and correcting table structures to minimize data redundancies, thereby reducing the likelihood
of data anomalies.

Answer 2

Normalization

Question 3

Denormalization

Answer 3

the process of attempting to optimize the read performance of a database by adding redundant data or by grouping data

Question 4

the process of attempting to optimize the read performance of a database by adding redundant data or by grouping data

Answer 4

Denormalization

Question 5

atomic attribute

Answer 5

if a value has component parts, the dbms either ignores the existence of those parts, or it provides functions to manipulate them

Question 6

if a value has component parts, the dbms either ignores the existence of those parts, or it provides functions to manipulate them

Answer 6

atomic attribute

Question 7

a property of database transactions which are guaranteed to either completely occur, or have no effects

Answer 7

atomicity

Question 8

atomicity

Answer 8

a property of database transactions which are guaranteed to either completely occur, or have no effects

Question 9

Boyce Codd Normal Form

Answer 9

is a normal form used in database normalization. It is a slightly stronger version of the third normal form (3NF).

Question 10

is a normal form used in database normalization. It is a slightly stronger version of the third normal form (3NF).

Answer 10

Boyce Codd Normal Form

Question 11

dependency diagram

Answer 11

bird’s-eye
view of all the relationships among a table’s attributes, and their use makes it less likely that you will overlook an important dependency.

Question 12

bird’s-eye
view of all the relationships among a table’s attributes, and their use makes it less likely that you will overlook an important dependency.

Answer 12

dependency diagram

Question 13

determinate

Answer 13

any attribute that you can use to determine the values assigned to other attribute(s) in the same row.

Question 14

any attribute that you can use to determine the values assigned to other attribute(s) in the same row.

Answer 14

determinate

Question 15

first normal form (1NF)

Answer 15

if the domain of each attribute contains only atomic values, and the value of each attribute contains only a single value from that domain.

Question 16

if the domain of each attribute contains only atomic values, and the value of each attribute contains only a single value from that domain.

Answer 16

first normal form (1NF)

Question 17

fourth normal form (4NF)

Answer 17

a level of database normalization where there are no non-trivial multivalued dependencies other than a candidate key. It builds on the first three normal forms (1NF, 2NF and 3NF) and the Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF).

Question 18

a level of database normalization where there are no non-trivial multivalued dependencies other than a candidate key. It builds on the first three normal forms (1NF, 2NF and 3NF) and the Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF).

Answer 18

fourth normal form (4NF)

Question 19

granularity

Answer 19

refers to the fineness with which data fields are sub-divided.

Question 20

refers to the fineness with which data fields are sub-divided.

Answer 20

granularity

Question 21

does not uniquely identify an instance of an entity

Answer 21

non key attribute

Question 22

Non key attribute

Answer 22

does not uniquely identify an instance of an entity

Question 23

a nonprime attribute is functionally dependent on part of a candidate key

Answer 23

partial dependency

Question 24

an attribute that’s not part of any candidate key.

Answer 24

non prime attribute

Question 25

non prime attribute

Answer 25

not part of any candidate key.

Question 26

attributes of the candidate key which defines the uniqueness (Eg: SSN number in a employee database)

Answer 26

prime attribute

Question 27

prime attribute

Answer 27

attributes of the candidate key which defines the uniqueness (Eg: SSN number in a employee database)

Question 28

Any attribute that can have multiple values associated with a single instance of some entity.

Answer 28

repeating group

Question 29

repeating group

Answer 29

Any attribute that can have multiple values associated with a single instance of some entity.

Question 30

a book might have multiple authors is an example of

Answer 30

repeating group

Question 31

second normal form (2NF)

Answer 31

It is in first normal form | All non-key attributes are fully functional dependent on the primary key

Question 32

It is in first normal form | All non-key attributes are fully functional dependent on the primary key

Answer 32

second normal form (2NF)

Question 33

third normal form (3NF)

Answer 33

the entity is in second normal form and all the attributes in a table are determined only by the candidate keys of that table and not by any non-prime attributes.[1]

Question 34

the entity is in second normal form and all the attributes in a table are determined only by the candidate keys of that table and not by any non-prime attributes.[1]

Answer 34

third normal form (3NF)

Question 35

transitive dependency

Answer 35

An indirect relationship between data elements in a database.

Question 36

An indirect relationship between data elements in a database.

Answer 36

transitive dependency

Question 37

Social security number is a ------------- of date-of-birth (SSN->DOB), because social security number is dependent on employee name (SSN->EMP), and employee name is dependent on date-of-birth (EMP->DOB) but not on social security number (there may be more than one John Smith or Maria Gomez).

Answer 37

transitive dependency

Question 38

non key attribute examples

Answer 38

first name, last name, birth date

Question 39

Consider a table with the attributes employee_id, first_name, last_name and date_of_birth. In this case, the field employee_id determines the remaining three fields. The name fields do not determine the employee_id because the firm may have more than one employee with the same first and/or last name. this is an example of what?

Answer 39

determinants

Question 40

rules for 1FN

Answer 40

Eliminate repeating groups in individual tables. Create a separate table for each set of related data. Identify each set of related data with a primary key

Question 41

rules for 2NF

Answer 41

if it is in 1NF and no non-prime attribute is dependent on any proper subset of any candidate key of the table.

Question 42

update anomoly

Answer 42

exists when one or more instances of duplicated data is updated, but not all

Question 43

exists when one or more instances of duplicated data is updated, but not all

Answer 43

update anomoly

Question 44

Insertion Anamoly

Answer 44

occurs when certain attributes cannot be inserted into the database without the presence of other attributes.

Question 45

occurs when certain attributes cannot be inserted into the database without the presence of other attributes.

Answer 45

Insertion Anamoly

Question 46

exists when certain attributes are lost because of the deletion of other attributes.

Answer 46

deletion anamoly

Question 47

deletion anamoly

Answer 47

exists when certain attributes are lost because of the deletion of other attributes.

Question 48

Contains only atomic values | There are no repeating groups

Answer 48

1NF

Question 49

cannot be divided

Answer 49

atomic value

Question 50

you remove subsets of data that apply to multiple rows of a table, place them in separate tables, and create relationships between these new tables and the original tables through the use of foreign keys.

Answer 50

2NF

Question 51

you remove columns that are not dependent upon the primary key.

Answer 51

3NF

Question 52

you eliminate duplicate columns from the same table,create separate tables for each group of related data, and identify each row with a unique column or set of columns (the primary keys).

Answer 52

1NF

Question 53

There are no repeating or duplicate fields Each cell contains only a single value Each record is unique (identified by primary key)

Answer 53

1NF

Question 54

All non-key fields depend on components of the primary key

Answer 54

2NF

Question 55

all non-key fields depend on the primary key

Answer 55

3NF

Question 56

”A -> C” is a ----- dependency when it is true only because both “A -> B” and “B -> C” are true

Answer 56

transitive

Question 57

A-------dependency is an indirect functional dependency, one in which X→Z only by virtue of X→Y and Y→Z.

Answer 57

transitive

Question 58

when a record is deleted, other information that is tied to it is also deleted

Answer 58

deletion anamoly

Question 59

user is unable to insert a new record of data when it should be possible to do so because not all other information is available.

Answer 59

insertion anamoly

Question 60

a record is updated, but other appearances of the same items are not updated

Answer 60

update anamoly

Question 61

A change in Address must be made in several places. Updating one fact may require updating multiple tuples.

Answer 61

update anamoly

Question 62

Possible primary key that was not chosen as the primary key

Answer 62

Candidate key