Test Review Flashcards
Riverbeds that remain dry except during the rainy seasons are-
Wadis
This is an area of extremely fertile land in the northeast. It is also known as a culture hearth as many civilizations formed here using the rivers and soil to their benefit
The Fertile Crescent
The eastern most year-round flowing river of the Fertile Crescent which supported several ancient civilizations is called the-
Tigris River
The western most year-round flowing river of the Fertile Crescent which supported many ancient civilizations is the-
Euphrates River
This River is a natural boundary between Israel and Jordan and also provided water for this section of the region.
Jordan River
This landlocked Israeli sea has a 31.5% salt level as a result of an old blockage to the sea outlet. It is so salty that only bacteria can live there. This sea is also the lowest place on earth.
Dead Sea
About 1/2 of the earths oil reserves are found here. Many countries depend on the oil collected here.
Southwest Asia, along and in the Persian Gulf
This valuable resource is useful in many ways, one of which being to provide power. It is plentiful in Turkey,Iran,Lebanon,and Afghanistan, but other areas are not so fortunate.
Water
A vast desert, also called the Empty Quarter or “place where no one comes out, approximately the size of Texas, on the Arabian Peninsula. Rainfall here is very rare and temperatures can exceed 150 degrees F
Rub al-Khali
A method of saving water by using small pipes just above ground that only drip as much water as the crop needs is called-
Drip Irrigation
The removal of salt from ocean water is called-
Desalinization
Water pumped from underground aquifers is called _______ because it has been in the aquifer for long periods of time. _________ has a very small chance at being replaced because it rains so little.
Fossil Water
The job of a _______ is to convert crude oil pumped from the ground into useful products.
Refinery
What is the PATIO group?
Persians Arabs Turks Israelis Others (Cypriots,Kurds,Azeri,Pashtuns)
What do Persians speak, and where do they reside?
Farsi
Iran/Persia
What do Arabs speak and where do they reside?
Arabic
21 countries in SW Asia and N Africa
What do Turks speak and where do they reside?
Turkish
Turkey
What do Israelis speak and where do they reside?
Hebrew
Israel
What do Cypriots speak and where do they reside?
Greek/Turkish
Cyprus
What do Kurds speak and where do they reside?
Kurdish
Iraq,Iran,Syria,Turkey
What do Azeri speak and where do they reside?
Azerbaijani
Turkey
What to Pashtuns speak and where do they reside?
Pashtu/Afghan/Persian
Afghanistan
What is the definition of theocratic?
Religious leaders control the government
Belief in one all powerful God is called-
Monotheistic
The ____ is a group to help members control the worldwide oil prices by adjusting oil prices and quotas. Members include Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, the UAE, Iran and Iraq and it was founded in 1960.
OPEC
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
Jerusalem is important because—
It is a religious city of Islam, Christianity, and Judaism and therefore the site high tensions between all three religions
The land controlled by Britain and is considered the Jewish homeland is called—–
Palestine
What is Zionism?
A movement in the 19th century to create and support a Jewish homeland in Palestine
Palestinians were mainly either ____ or _____.
Jewish or Arab
A 1960s organization to regain land for Palestinian Arabs was the—
Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)
Thousands died in the 1967 war when Syria and Israel fought over this hilly plateau overlooking the Jordan River and Sea of Galilee.
Golan Heights
A territory along the Mediterranean Sea just northeast of the Sinai Peninsula occupied by Israel in the 1967 war.
Gaza Strip
What are the three major religions in chronological order?
Judaism
Christianity
Islam
A strip of land on the west side of the Jordan River.
West Bank
One of the two main branches of Islam, commonly described as orthodox, differing from Shi’ite in its understanding of Sunna and its acceptance of the first three caliphs. This is the majority of Muslims
Sunni Muslims
One of the two main branches of Islam, followed especially in Iran, that rejects the first three Sunni caliphs and regards Ali, the fourth caliph, as Mohammad’s first true successor. This is the minority.
Shi’ite Muslims
A nation of people without a land to legally occupy
Stateless Nation
Ex-Kurds
A fundamentalist Muslim political group that imposed strict rules on people’s behavior
Taliban
The “land between rivers” also called the Fertile Crescent
Mesopotamia
What was the Jewish/Palestinian conflict?
The British government divided Palestine into two regions, but the Arabs were not happy with the division so they invaded to prevent the establishment of the state and lost. Hostilities still continue
Who founded Islam?
Mohammad
What is the religious book of Islam?
Koran
What are the holy cities of Islam?
Mecca
Medina
Jerusalem
Muslims worship in a—
Mosque
The place where Muslims believe Mohammad rose into heaven…its in Jerusalem
Dome of The Rock
Islam’s most sacred mosque located in Mecca
Ka’aba
The followers of Islam are called
Muslims
The Five Pillars are—
Faith-Announce their faith publicly Prayer-Pray 5 times a day Charity-Give 2.5% of income to poor Fasting-Fast during Ramadan Pilgrimage-Visit Mecca at least once (Hajj)
Who founded Judaism?
Abraham
What is the Western Wall?
A piece of the second Jewish temple ever built that was destroyed by the Romans
What is the holy city of Judaism?
Jerusalem
What is Zionism?
The belief that the Jewish homeland should be in Palestine
Jews worship in—
Synagogues
A day of religious observance and abstinence practiced in Judaism from Friday evening to Saturday evening
Sabbath
An old part of the city where the earliest Jewish temples were housed
Temple Mount
Christianity was founded by
Jesus
The holy book of Christianity is
The Bible
The holy city of Christianity is
Jerusalem
Christians worship in
Churches
What is the purpose of the 10 commandments?
To set guidelines by which Christians are expected to live to get into heaven
Main Christian rituals are—
Communion
Baptism
The sepulcher in which Christ’s body lay between burial and resurrection is the–
Church of the Holy Sepulcher
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