Test Review

Question 1

What is EKG pattern of acute pericarditis?

Answer 1

• diffused ST elevation
  PR depression in V3
  PR elevation in aVR

Question 2

What is EKG pattern of pulmonary embolism?

Answer 2

• sinus tachycardia
• S1Q3T3 pattern
• T wave inversion in V1-V3

Question 3

What are things that can cause ST elevation?

Answer 3

• STEMI
• pericarditis
• LBBB

Question 4

What are things that can cause ST depression?

Answer 4

• ischemia
• left ventricular hypertrophy
• WPW

Question 5

What is triad symptoms buerger’s?

Answer 5

rauynauds
clauditcation
superficial thrombophlebitis

Question 6

What should you think if p and QRS inverted in lead I but normal progression QRS in V1 –> V6?

Answer 6

accidentally switched L and R

Question 7

What is EKG pattern of WPW?

Answer 7

• short PR
• delta wave on upstroke of QRS
• broad QRS

Question 8

What 4 things should you think if upright V1?

Answer 8

• RBBB = wide QRS, rabbit in V1/V2
• posterior MI = big R in V1; Q in II/III
• RVH = RAD, no rabiit, tall pos V1
• WPW = delta, short PR, wide QRS

Question 9

What are signs of posterior MI?

Answer 9

• huge positive R in V1

- prominent Q waves in leads II, III, aVF

Question 10

What is normal QT interval?

Answer 10

< 0.46 = < 11 small squares

Question 11

What is normal PR interval?

Answer 11

0.12-0.2 s = 3-5 small squares

Question 12

What is typical vs atypical atrial flutter?

Answer 12

typical = p upright in II, III, aVF

Question 13

When should you avoid nitroglycerin?

Answer 13

RV infarct –> risk of hypotension from vasodilation

Question 14

What should you give if acute pericarditis?

Answer 14

NSAIDS not PCI

Question 15

What must EKG pattern be if > 150/min [< 2 small boxes] and wide QRS?

Answer 15

must be V tach!

Question 16

What should you suspect if AFib with broad complex in V1?

Answer 16

WPW with AFib

Question 17

What are criteria for LAFB?

Answer 17

• extreme left axis deviation
• –> up in I, down in aVF, down in II
• –> tall R in I; Q in aVL; deep S in lead III

Question 18

What should you look for in EKG for LVH?

Answer 18

• large QRS in left precordial [V4, V5, V6]
• ST depression, T wave inversion
• may have big S in V1, V3; big R in aVL, I

Question 19

What are sokolow criteria for LVH?

Answer 19

S in V1 + R in V5 or V6 > 35

Question 20

What are cornell criteria for LVH?

Answer 20

S in V3 + R in aVL > 28 in men or 20 in women

Question 21

What are criteria for right ventricular hypertrphy?

Answer 21

• severe right axid deviation > 100 –> 1 down, aVF up, aVL prob down
• V1 up

plus 1 or more of:
R in V1 + S in V5 or V6 > 10
R in V1 > 7
S in V1 < 2
down in V5 or V6

Question 22

Which narrow tachycardias are regular? how do you tell apart?

Answer 22

• sinus tach [> 150, p before QRS]
• atrial flutter [unless block, have sawtooth P wave, 300/min [1 big box]]
• SVT [> 100, less discernible P waves than sinus]

Question 23

What narrow tachycardias are irregular?

Answer 23

• atrial fibrillation [fibrillary activity but no P]
• multifocal atrial tach [clear p but > 3 morphologies]
• A flutter with variable block [saw tooth P wave, best seen in II, III, aVF]

Question 24

What differential for broad complex tachycardia?

Answer 24

• ventricular tach
• V Fib
• Torsades
• WPW

Question 25

What differential for bradycardia?

Answer 25

• sinus bradycardia
• 1st degree AV [regular PR, long PR > 5 small boxes]
• 2nd degree type 1: pattern beat
• 2nd degree type 2: intermittent nonconducted P
• complete: P-QRS dissociation