Test Review Flashcards
The respiratory system consists of
Nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, layrnx, trachea, bronchus, bronchioles, alveoli
The epiglottis closes the opening of the larynx when you swallow food or water
True
The respiratory membrane is a combination of
Alveolar and capillary walls and their fused basement membranes
Boyles law shows
How pressure changes with volume
Dalton’s law is
The sun of all individual partial pressures
Henry’s law refers
To gasses dissolving in liquid
(In order for oxygen to dissolve into blood it had to diffuse from high to low)
red blood cells contain hemoglobin that carry
Oxygen in the blood
If you reduce lung compliance, your lungs…
Will be able to take in less air
Alveolar macrophages
Are specialized white blood cells that cleans up foreign particles
Surfcant coats alveoli which
Reduced surface tension
When the smooth muscle of the airways relax
Breathing becomes easier
Low CO2 leads to respiratory
Alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Decreases pH, increases CO2
Pulmonary ventilation is
Breathing (inspiration and exhalation)
During quiet breathing ____ is/are passive
Exhalation
Exhalation becomes active during
Exercise
Internal respiration is
The exchange of O2 and CO2 within the CELLS
Which hormone promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys
Antidiuretic hormone
Glucose reabsorption takes place in the
Proximal convoluted tubule
Which stimulates the reabsorption of sodium by kidneys
Aldosterone
Renin causes conversion of
Angiotensin to angiotensin I
The functional unit of the kidney is the
Nephron
What is kidneys function?
Filter blood, excrete waste products and balance solutes and volume
Glomerular filtration rate is…
Primarily determines by blood pressure
What is the purpose of podocytes
Created a barrier through which blood is filtered in the glomerulus
A glomerulus is
A knot of capillaries shrub the renal corpuscle
The kidneys provide renin when?
Blood pressure decreases this leads to an increase in blood pressure and more filtration
Antidiuretic hormone
Reduces urine volume (holds onto fluid produce less volume)
When glucose levels are above the renal threshold, the patient has
Glucose in their urine
Glucose reabsorption is only in
PCT
What to the ureters do
Transport urine
How does the respiratory system compensate for low pH due to a metabolic issue
Fast deep breathes (hyperventilation)
Breathing in a bag helps with
Respiratory alkalosis (low CO2, low H+, increases pH)
Which organs contains the level of bicarbonate
Kidneys
The carbonic acid bicarbonate buffer system cannot compensate for
Changing pH levels when the lungs are not working properly
What does renin do?
When blood pressure is low, can’t push a lot of filtrate out and can’t get rid of a lot of waste producers, so renin is released into the bloodstream.
Renin converts what to what
Renin converts angiotensin made in the liver angiotensin I
