Test - Research Design Flashcards
Sources of credible scientific literature
Journal articles, text books, credible websites, academic journals, peer-reviewed articles
Qualitative Research Design
Focuses on descibing, understanding, and attaching meaning to a persons perceptions about their own world.
True or false: Is qualitative research subjective?
True
Forms of data collection in qualitative research
Interviews, observations, surveys or questionnaires, oral history
Issues with qualitative research design
response rates, reliability of responses, Hawthorne effect, interpretation
What is the hawthorne effect?
where a person changes behavior when being studied
Quantitative Research Design
Collect data which involves counting of ‘things’
Use to find patterns and averages, make predictions, and test predictions.
Statistics
True or false: quantitative research is subjective
false, its objective
What are the two types of quantitative research design?
Descriptive (observational) and experimental
Descriptive research design
Describes a study or topic.
Defines characteristics of the variable under research
Gives answers to questions
Experimental research design
is a scientific approach to testing a theory or hypothesis using experimental groups or control variables
Types of descriptive research design
Cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, cohort studies
Cross-sectional studies
Involves looking at data from different individuals at one specific point in time
Case-control studies
A study that compares two groups of people, now with disease and a group without disease
Cohort studies
Study which follows research participants over a period of time - data used to understand human health, environmental, and social factors that influence it
Cohort studies
Study which follows research participants over a period of time - data used to understand human health, environmental, and social factors that influence it
Retrospective
Past
Prospective
future
Tpes of experimental research design
time-series, cross-over studies, randomized control studies (RCT)
Time-series Studies
Is a specific way of analyzing a sequence of data points collected over an interval of time - e.g. trends/fluctuations over time
Cross-over studies
a study in which participants do not receive one but multiple exposures - the effects are measured
Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
Is a trial in which subjects are randomly assigned groups - 1 group = control, the other = experimental group. e.g. clinical trials
Bias
Systemic error that is introduced into sampling or testing by encouraging one outcome over others
Methods to minimized bias
sample selection - randomized sampling, participant compliance, blinding, control group, control for confounding factors, investigator or instrument error
